Kim Roy J, Malattia Clara, Allen Michaela, Moshang Thomas, Maghnie Mohamad
Division of Endocrinology (R.J.K, T.M.), Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2004 Nov;2 Suppl 1:115-23.
The management of central diabetes insipidus has been greatly simplified by the introduction of desmopressin (DDAVP). Its ease of administration, safety and tolerability make DDAVP the first line agent for outpatient treatment of central diabetes insipidus. The major complication of DDAVP therapy is water intoxication and hyponatremia. The risk of hyponatremia can be reduced by careful dose titration when initiating therapy and by close monitoring of serum osmolality when DDAVP is used with other medications affecting water balance. Herein we review the adverse effects of DDAVP and its predecessor, vasopressin, as well as discuss important clinical considerations when using these agents to treat central diabetes insipidus.
去氨加压素（DDAVP）的引入极大地简化了中枢性尿崩症的管理。其给药简便、安全性和耐受性使其成为中枢性尿崩症门诊治疗的一线药物。DDAVP治疗的主要并发症是水中毒和低钠血症。开始治疗时通过仔细滴定剂量以及在DDAVP与其他影响水平衡的药物联用时密切监测血清渗透压，可以降低低钠血症的风险。在此，我们回顾DDAVP及其前身血管加压素的不良反应，并讨论使用这些药物治疗中枢性尿崩症时的重要临床注意事项。
