Brown A E, Tomkins S E, Logan L E, Lamontagne D S, Munro H L, Hope V D, Righarts A, Blackham J E, Rice B D, Chadborn T R, Tookey P A, Parry J V, Delpech V, Gill O N, Fenton K A
HIV and STI Department, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
Sex Transm Infect. 2006 Feb;82(1):4-10. doi: 10.1136/sti.2005.016386.
Primary and secondary prevention are essential components of the response to HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We present findings from nationally implemented HIV/STI prevention interventions. In 2003, of those attending STI clinics at least 64% of men who have sex with men (MSM) and 55% of heterosexuals accepted a confidential HIV test; 88% of all HIV infections in women giving birth in England were diagnosed before delivery; 85% of MSM eligible for hepatitis B vaccination received a first dose of vaccine at their first STI clinic attendance; 74% of STI clinic attendees for emergency appointments, and 20% of those for routine appointments were seen within 48 hours of initiating an appointment; the National Chlamydia Screening Programme in England found a positivity of 10% and 13% among young asymptomatic women and men, respectively. Prevention initiatives have seen recent successes in limiting further HIV/STI transmission. However, more work is required if current levels of transmission are to be reduced.
一级预防和二级预防是应对艾滋病毒和性传播感染（STIs）的重要组成部分。我们展示了全国实施的艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防干预措施的结果。2003年，在性传播感染诊所就诊的人中，至少64%的男男性行为者（MSM）和55%的异性恋者接受了保密的艾滋病毒检测；在英格兰分娩的妇女中，88%的艾滋病毒感染在分娩前被诊断出来；85%符合乙肝疫苗接种条件的男男性行为者在首次到性传播感染诊所就诊时接种了第一剂疫苗；74%因紧急预约就诊的性传播感染诊所患者和20%因常规预约就诊的患者在预约开始后48小时内得到诊治；英格兰的国家衣原体筛查计划发现，年轻无症状女性和男性中的阳性率分别为10%和13%。预防举措最近在限制艾滋病毒/性传播感染的进一步传播方面取得了成功。然而，要降低目前的传播水平，还需要做更多的工作。
