Koehler Kathleen M, Lasky Tamar, Fein Sara B, Delong Stephanie M, Hawkins Marguerite A, Rabatsky-Ehr Therese, Ray Susan M, Shiferaw Beletshachew, Swanson Ellen, Vugia Duc J
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006 Feb;25(2):129-34. doi: 10.1097/01.inf.0000199289.62733.d5.
Previous studies of bacterial enteric infections have suggested a disproportionate disease burden for children younger than 5 years of age.
This study describes population-based incidence of culture-confirmed infections with 6 bacterial enteric pathogens in children younger than 5 years of age in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 1996-1998.
Cases were ascertained through active laboratory-based surveillance in Minnesota, Oregon and selected counties in California, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland and New York.
Twenty-one percent (5218 of 24,358) of infections were in children younger than 5 years of age, but this age group made up only 7% of the total person-years of observation. Among those younger than 5 years of age, the incidence (cases per 100,000 person-years) for each pathogen was: Salmonella, 55.3; Campylobacter, 43.4; Shigella, 32.7; E. coli O157, 10.3; Yersinia enterocolitica, 7.1; Listeria monocytogenes, 0.7. Incidence varied widely among the 7 FoodNet sites.
This study confirmed a disproportionate disease burden in young children. Investigation of risk factors specific to this age group and review and enhancement of current prevention and control strategies for children younger than 5 years of age may reduce illness.
先前关于细菌性肠道感染的研究表明，5岁以下儿童的疾病负担不成比例。
本研究描述了1996 - 1998年食源性疾病主动监测网络（FoodNet）中5岁以下儿童经培养确诊的6种细菌性肠道病原体感染的人群发病率。
通过在明尼苏达州、俄勒冈州以及加利福尼亚州、康涅狄格州、佐治亚州、马里兰州和纽约州的选定县开展基于实验室的主动监测来确定病例。
21%（24358例中的5218例）的感染发生在5岁以下儿童中，但该年龄组仅占总观察人年数的7%。在5岁以下儿童中，每种病原体的发病率（每10万人年的病例数）分别为：沙门氏菌55.3；弯曲杆菌43.4；志贺氏菌32.7；大肠杆菌O157 10.3；小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌7.1；单核细胞增生李斯特菌0.7。7个FoodNet监测点的发病率差异很大。
本研究证实幼儿的疾病负担不成比例。对该年龄组特定危险因素的调查以及对5岁以下儿童现行预防和控制策略的审查与加强可能会减少疾病发生。
