Tucker Joan S, Ellickson Phyllis L, Orlando Maria, Klein David J
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California 90407-2138, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):30-7. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2005.08.004.
This study aimed to compare 1,442 women with distinct developmental trajectories of smoking from ages 13-23 on important young adult outcomes at age 29 (e.g., education, income, mental and physical health, arrest history, drug and alcohol abuse), as well as early transitions to sexual intercourse, parenthood, and marriage.
Women were classified as Abstainers or into 1 of 5 trajectory classes for which they had the highest probability of membership: Stable Highs, Early Increasers, Late Increasers, Triers, and Decreasers. Regression analysis was used to model outcomes as a function of trajectory class membership.
Abstainers and Triers generally had more favorable outcomes than Stable Highs and Early Increasers. Decreasers were more likely to graduate from college than Stable Highs and Early Increasers and had a lower arrest rate than Stable Highs. Women who increased their smoking from initial low levels (Late Increasers) generally had poorer young adult outcomes compared to Triers and Abstainers, but lower risk for early sex and early parenthood compared to Stable Highs and Early Increasers.
Women with certain patterns of smoking from age 13-23 are at heightened risk for early transitions to sexual activity and parenthood, as well as health, behavioral, and socioeconomic problems during young adulthood.
本研究旨在比较1442名在13至23岁期间有着不同吸烟发展轨迹的女性在29岁时的重要青年成人结局(如教育、收入、身心健康、被捕记录、药物和酒精滥用情况),以及向性行为、为人父母和婚姻的早期转变情况。
将女性分为戒烟者或她们归属可能性最高的5种轨迹类别之一:持续高吸烟者、早期吸烟者、晚期吸烟者、尝试吸烟者和戒烟者。采用回归分析将结局建模为轨迹类别归属的函数。
戒烟者和尝试吸烟者的结局总体上比持续高吸烟者和早期吸烟者更好。戒烟者比持续高吸烟者和早期吸烟者更有可能大学毕业,且被捕率低于持续高吸烟者。与尝试吸烟者和戒烟者相比,从最初低水平开始增加吸烟量的女性(晚期吸烟者)在青年成人期的结局通常较差,但与持续高吸烟者和早期吸烟者相比,其过早发生性行为和过早为人父母的风险较低。
在13至23岁期间有特定吸烟模式的女性过早过渡到性活动和为人父母的风险增加,以及在青年期出现健康、行为和社会经济问题的风险增加。