Kucherlapati Melanie H, Nguyen Andrew A, Bronson Roderick T, Kucherlapati Raju S
Harvard-Partners Center for Genetics and Genomics, Harvard Medical School, New Research Building 160B, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cancer Res. 2006 Apr 1;66(7):3576-83. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2699.
We have crossed mice carrying the conditional Rb(tm2Brn) allele with a constitutive Villin-Cre transgenic mouse. The Villin promoter in these animals is highly expressed in adult intestine and kidney proximal tubules and is expressed in the gut and nephros anlagen during embryogenesis. We report here that these mice develop tumors between 12 and 17 months old outside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A high penetrance of pituitary tumors and medullar carcinoma of the thyroid is observed with a lower incidence of hyperplasia of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and aggressive liver, bile duct, stomach, oral cavity tumors, and lipomas. Rb rearrangement due to ectopic Villin promoter activity in neural crest or neural crest stem cells during embryogenesis is most likely responsible for the medullar carcinoma of the thyroid phenotype. The aggressive nature of the medullar carcinoma of the thyroid and its ability to metastasize to unusual sites make the model suitable for the study of tumor progression and mechanism of metastasis. Observed sites of metastasis include the stomach, small intestine, liver, lung, kidney, pancreas, spleen, bone marrow, salivary gland, fat, lymph nodes, and dorsal root ganglion. Because the Villin promoter is highly active throughout the GI and in the nephros anlagen during development, we find that Rb inactivation is not sufficient to initiate tumorigenesis in the GI or kidneys in mice.
我们已将携带条件性Rb(tm2Brn)等位基因的小鼠与组成型维林(Villin)-Cre转基因小鼠进行杂交。这些动物中的维林启动子在成年肠道和肾近端小管中高度表达,在胚胎发育期间在肠道和肾原基中也有表达。我们在此报告,这些小鼠在12至17个月大时在胃肠道(GI)外发生肿瘤。观察到垂体肿瘤和甲状腺髓样癌的高发生率,肺神经内分泌细胞增生以及侵袭性肝、胆管、胃、口腔肿瘤和脂肪瘤的发生率较低。胚胎发育期间神经嵴或神经嵴干细胞中异位维林启动子活性导致的Rb重排很可能是甲状腺髓样癌表型的原因。甲状腺髓样癌的侵袭性及其转移到不寻常部位的能力使该模型适用于肿瘤进展和转移机制的研究。观察到的转移部位包括胃、小肠、肝、肺、肾、胰腺、脾、骨髓、唾液腺、脂肪、淋巴结和背根神经节。由于维林启动子在发育过程中在整个胃肠道和肾原基中高度活跃,我们发现Rb失活不足以在小鼠的胃肠道或肾脏中引发肿瘤发生。