Physiology Department, University of California Medical School, Los Angeles, CA 90024.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(9):3042-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.9.3042.
Courtship bowers of the bowerbird Amblyornis inornatus, the most elaborately decorated structures erected by an animal other than humans, vary geographically and individually. Bowers in the south Kumawa Mountains are tall towers of sticks glued together, resting on a circular mat of dead moss painted black, and decorated with dull objects such as snail shells, acorns, and stones. Bowers in the Wandamen Mountains are low woven towers covered by a stick hut with an entrance, resting on a green moss mat and decorated with colorful objects such as fruits, flowers, and butterfly wings. Young males build simpler bowers, and adult males differ among themselves. Experiments with poker chips of seven colors offered as decorations showed that individual birds prefer some colors over others, individuals and populations differ in these preferences, certain objects are placed in specific parts of the bower, and birds steal chips from neighbors. Bower style may be partly learned. Hence, geographically varying bower styles may be a culturally transmitted trait, like human art styles.
园丁鸟的求偶亭,是除人类以外的动物所建造的最精心装饰的结构,其在地理和个体上存在差异。在南库马瓦山脉的求偶亭是高大的棍棒塔,由粘在一起的棍棒组成,建在一个黑色的圆形死苔藓垫上,并装饰有蜗牛壳、橡子和石头等暗淡的物体。在万达门山脉的求偶亭是低矮的编织塔,上面覆盖着一个带有入口的棍棒小屋,建在一个绿色苔藓垫上,并装饰有水果、花朵和蝴蝶翅膀等彩色物体。年轻的雄性会建造更简单的求偶亭,而成年雄性之间存在差异。用七种颜色的扑克筹码作为装饰进行的实验表明,个体鸟类偏爱某些颜色,个体和种群在这些偏好上存在差异,某些物体被放置在求偶亭的特定部位,鸟类会从邻居那里偷取筹码。求偶亭的风格可能部分是后天习得的。因此,地理上变化的求偶亭风格可能是一种文化传播的特征,就像人类的艺术风格一样。