Cheng Kang, Zou Changhua
Science Research, 205 Hana Road, Edison, NJ 08817, USA.
Med Hypotheses. 2006;67(3):572-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.02.041. Epub 2006 Apr 17.
Our previous pre-clinic experimental results have showed that the epithelialization can be enhanced by the externally applied rectangular pulsed electrical current stimulation (RPECS). The results are clinically significant for patients, especially for those difficult patients whose skin wounds need long periods to heal. However, the results also raise questions: How does the RPECS accelerate the epithelium cell proliferation? To answer these questions, we have previously developed several models for animal cells, in a view of physics, to explain mechanisms of mitosis and cytokinesis at a cellular level, and separation of nucleotide sequences and the unwinding of a double helix during DNA replication at a bio-molecular level. In this paper, we further model the mechanism of centriole replication during a natural and normal mitosis and cytokinesis to explore the mechanism of epithelialization enhanced with the externally applied RPECS at a bio-molecular level. Our models suggest: (1) Centriole replication is an information flowing. The direction of the information flowing is from centrioles to centrioles based on a cylindrical template of 9 x 3 protein microtubules (MTs) pattern. (2) A spontaneous and strong electromagnetic field (EMF) force is a pushing force that separates a mother and a daughter centrioles in centrosomes or in cells, while a pulling force of interacting fibers and pericentriolar materials delivers new babies. The newly born babies inherit the pattern information from their mother(s) and grow using microtubule fragments that come through the centrosome pores. A daughter centriole is always born and grows along stronger EMF. The EMF mostly determines centrioles positions and plays key role in centriole replication. We also hypothesize that the normal centriole replication could not been disturbed in centrosome in the epithelium cells by our RPECS, because the centrioles have two non-conducting envelope (cell and centrosome membranes), that protect the normal duplication. The induced electric field by externally applied RPECS could be mild compared with the spontaneous and natural electric field of the centrioles. Therefore, the centriole replication during the epithelium cellular proliferation may be directly, as well as indirectly (e.g., somatic reflex) accelerated by the RPECS.
我们之前的临床前实验结果表明，通过外部施加矩形脉冲电流刺激（RPECS）可以促进上皮形成。这些结果对患者具有临床意义，特别是对于那些皮肤伤口需要长时间愈合的难治性患者。然而，这些结果也引发了一些问题：RPECS是如何加速上皮细胞增殖的？为了回答这些问题，我们之前从物理学角度为动物细胞建立了几个模型，以解释细胞水平上有丝分裂和胞质分裂的机制，以及生物分子水平上DNA复制过程中核苷酸序列的分离和双螺旋的解旋。在本文中，我们进一步模拟自然和正常有丝分裂及胞质分裂过程中中心粒复制的机制，以在生物分子水平上探索外部施加RPECS增强上皮形成的机制。我们的模型表明：（1）中心粒复制是一种信息流。信息流的方向是基于9×3蛋白质微管（MTs）模式的圆柱形模板从中心粒到中心粒。（2）自发且强大的电磁场（EMF）力是一种将中心体或细胞中的母中心粒和子中心粒分开的推力，而相互作用的纤维和中心粒周围物质的拉力则输送新的中心粒。新生的中心粒从其母中心粒继承模式信息，并利用通过中心体孔进入的微管片段生长。子中心粒总是沿着更强的EMF诞生和生长。EMF在很大程度上决定了中心粒的位置，并在中心粒复制中起关键作用。我们还假设，我们的RPECS不会干扰上皮细胞中心体中的正常中心粒复制，因为中心粒有两个非导电包膜（细胞膜和中心体膜），可保护正常复制。与中心粒的自发和自然电场相比，外部施加RPECS产生的感应电场可能较弱。因此，RPECS可能直接以及间接（例如，躯体反射）加速上皮细胞增殖过程中的中心粒复制。
