Sommers Marilyn S, Zink Therese, Baker Rachel B, Fargo Jamison D, Porter Jeannette, Weybright David, Schafer John C
College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0038, USA.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006 Mar-Apr;35(2):199-207. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00026.x.
To determine whether postmenopausal (age 50 years or older) women would sustain significantly more injury after rape than women younger than 50 and to determine the role of skin pigmentation in the observance of genital injury.
Registry data from a sexual assault forensic nurse examiners program.
Based on date of examination, records from women of age 50 years or older (n = 40) were matched to two other participants: a premenopausal group younger than 40 years and a perimenopausal group of 40 to 49 years. The final sample consisted of 120 subjects.
Number, type, and location of injuries.
A series of exact conditional logistic regression analyses indicated no significant association between age and genital, nongenital, or head injury. A significant association between race (Black versus White) and genital injury (adjusted odds ratio = 4.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.09-25.98, p = .03) indicated that Whites were more than four times as likely as Blacks to have genital injury.
Although the primary hypothesis was not supported, the role of racial/ethnic differences and their association with the observance of injury need further exploration to determine whether the standard forensic examination is appropriate for all women. Health disparities may exist if women of color are less likely than others to have genital injuries identified and treated. Alternatively, skin properties may explain racial/ethnic differences in injury prevalence.
确定绝经后（50岁及以上）女性遭受强奸后是否比50岁以下女性更容易受伤，并确定皮肤色素沉着在生殖器损伤观察中的作用。
性侵犯法医护士检查项目的登记数据。
根据检查日期，将50岁及以上女性（n = 40）的记录与另外两名参与者进行匹配：一组年龄小于40岁的绝经前女性和一组年龄在40至49岁的围绝经期女性。最终样本包括120名受试者。
损伤的数量、类型和部位。
一系列精确条件逻辑回归分析表明，年龄与生殖器、非生殖器或头部损伤之间无显著关联。种族（黑人与白人）与生殖器损伤之间存在显著关联（调整后的优势比 = 4.30，95%置信区间 = 1.09 - 25.98，p = .03），表明白人发生生殖器损伤的可能性是黑人的四倍多。
尽管主要假设未得到支持，但种族/族裔差异及其与损伤观察的关联作用需要进一步探索，以确定标准法医检查是否适用于所有女性。如果有色人种女性比其他女性更不容易被识别和治疗生殖器损伤，可能存在健康差异。或者，皮肤特性可能解释损伤患病率的种族/族裔差异。
