Pallasaho P, Rönmark E, Haahtela T, Sovijärvi A R A, Lundbäck B
Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2006 Apr;36(4):503-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02460.x.
We aimed to assess the prevalence of allergic sensitization and multiple sensitization, risk factors, and the clinical impact of being sensitized in the adult population of Helsinki, Finland.
As a part of the FinEsS study, a population-based random sample of 498 adults aged 26-60 years were tested for 15 common aeroallergens with skin prick tests (SPTs) and interviewed on respiratory symptoms and diseases, including respiratory irritants and childhood environment.
The prevalence of at least one positive prick test was 46.9%. A large difference by age was found: 56.8% were sensitized among those aged 26-39 years, 49.2% in the age group 40-49 years, and 35.6% in the age group 50-60 years (P<0.001). Sensitization to multiple allergens was common among young subjects with 42% of the sensitized responding to at least four allergens, while this proportion was only 16% of the sensitized among those aged 50-60 years. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) or conjunctivitis, and wheeze increased significantly with increasing number of positive responses to SPTs. Having a family history of AR or conjunctivitis was a significant risk factor for allergic sensitization and for sensitization to any of the pollens. Further, urban living in childhood yielded an increased risk for pollen sensitization.
The prevalence of allergic sensitization was high in the urban adult population of Helsinki. More than half of those aged 26-39 years was sensitized and 24% was sensitized to at least four allergens. Sensitization to multiple allergens was associated with a high prevalence of asthma, AR or conjunctivitis, and wheeze.
我们旨在评估芬兰赫尔辛基成年人群中过敏性致敏和多重致敏的患病率、危险因素以及致敏的临床影响。
作为芬兰环境与健康研究（FinEsS）的一部分，对498名年龄在26至60岁的成年人进行了基于人群的随机抽样，通过皮肤点刺试验（SPT）检测15种常见的气传变应原，并就呼吸道症状和疾病（包括呼吸道刺激物和童年环境）进行访谈。
至少一项点刺试验呈阳性的患病率为46.9%。发现年龄差异很大：26至39岁人群中致敏率为56.8%，40至49岁年龄组为49.2%，50至60岁年龄组为35.6%（P<0.001）。多重变应原致敏在年轻受试者中很常见，42%的致敏者对至少四种变应原呈阳性反应，而在50至60岁的致敏者中这一比例仅为16%。医生诊断的哮喘、过敏性鼻炎（AR）或结膜炎以及喘息的患病率随着SPT阳性反应数量的增加而显著增加。有AR或结膜炎家族史是过敏性致敏和对任何一种花粉致敏的重要危险因素。此外，童年时期居住在城市会增加花粉致敏的风险。
赫尔辛基城市成年人群中过敏性致敏的患病率很高。26至39岁人群中超过一半的人致敏，24%的人对至少四种变应原致敏。多重变应原致敏与哮喘、AR或结膜炎以及喘息的高患病率相关。
