Terblanche John S, Klok C Jaco, Krafsur Elliot S, Chown Steven L
Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 May;74(5):786-94.
Using the tsetse, Glossina pallidipes, we show that physiologic plasticity (resulting from temperature acclimation) accounts for among-population variation in thermal tolerance and water loss rates. Critical thermal minimum (CT(Min)) was highly variable among populations, seasons, and acclimation treatments, and the full range of variation was 9.3 degrees C (maximum value = 3.1 x minimum). Water loss rate showed similar variation (max = 3.7 x min). In contrast, critical thermal maxima (CT(Max)) varied least among populations, seasons, and acclimation treatments, and the full range of variation was only approximately 1 degree C. Most of the variation among the four field populations could be accounted for by phenotypic plasticity, which in the case of CT(Min), develops within 5 days of temperature exposure and is lost rapidly on return to the original conditions. Limited variation in CT(Max) supports bioclimatic models that suggest tsetse are likely to show range contraction with warming from climate change.
利用采采蝇(Glossina pallidipes),我们发现生理可塑性(由温度驯化导致)可解释种群间热耐受性和失水率的差异。最低临界温度(CT(Min))在种群、季节和驯化处理间差异很大,其变化范围达9.3摄氏度(最大值 = 3.1×最小值)。失水率也呈现类似的变化(最大值 = 3.7×最小值)。相比之下,最高临界温度(CT(Max))在种群、季节和驯化处理间变化最小,其变化范围仅约1摄氏度。四个野外种群间的大部分差异可由表型可塑性来解释,就CT(Min)而言,它在温度暴露5天内形成,恢复到原始条件后会迅速消失。CT(Max)的有限变化支持了生物气候模型,该模型表明采采蝇可能会因气候变化导致的变暖而出现分布范围收缩。