Keefe Maureen R, Kajrlsen Kristine A, Lobo Marie L, Kotzer Anne Marie, Dudley William N
College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112-5880, USA.
Nurs Res. 2006 May-Jun;55(3):198-205. doi: 10.1097/00006199-200605000-00006.
Caring for an infant with unexplained, persistent crying is one of the most stressful events for new parents. Infant irritability, also referred to as infantile colic, occurs in 10-25% of all infants and is the most common parental concern reported in the first year of life.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based nursing intervention in reducing parenting stress in three groups of families with irritable infants, using data from a larger evaluation study.
A two-site, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 121 infants and their parents. Infants were randomized to a treatment or a control group. A third group of infants (n = 43) was added as a posttest-only comparison. The level of parenting stress was measured by the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) at baseline, after the 4-week intervention, and at the 8-week follow-up visit.
A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups across the three time points (baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and at the 8-week follow-up visit). The results revealed a reduction in total parenting stress over time for both the treatment and control groups. Mothers in the treatment group reported reduced parenting stress on the parent-child dysfunctional interaction subscale (p = .04). Total parenting stress scores were found to be significantly higher for mothers in the posttest-only group (p = .009).
Initial parenting stress levels were high in all participants. Parent feedback at the exit interview indicated that the nurse visits for data collection were also viewed as helpful in reducing the stress level associated with parenting these irritable infants. This home-based program was perceived as helpful in improving the interactions between parents and their irritable infants.
照顾患有不明原因持续性哭闹的婴儿是新父母面临的最具压力的事件之一。婴儿烦躁不安，也被称为婴儿腹绞痛，在所有婴儿中发生率为10%至25%，是父母在婴儿出生第一年报告的最常见担忧。
本研究旨在利用一项更大规模评估研究的数据，评估家庭护理干预对三组易怒婴儿家庭减轻育儿压力的效果。
对121名婴儿及其父母进行了一项双地点随机临床试验。婴儿被随机分为治疗组或对照组。第三组婴儿（n = 43）作为仅进行后测的比较组加入。在基线、4周干预后和8周随访时，通过育儿压力指数（PSI）测量育儿压力水平。
采用重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）在三个时间点（基线、4周干预后立即和8周随访）比较两组。结果显示，治疗组和对照组的育儿总压力随时间均有所降低。治疗组母亲在亲子功能失调互动子量表上报告的育儿压力有所降低（p = 0.04）。发现仅进行后测组的母亲育儿总压力得分显著更高（p = 0.009）。
所有参与者最初的育儿压力水平都很高。出院访谈时父母的反馈表明，护士为收集数据进行的家访也被认为有助于降低照顾这些易怒婴儿带来的压力水平。这个家庭项目被认为有助于改善父母与易怒婴儿之间的互动。
