Leong Stanley P L, Cady Blake, Jablons David M, Garcia-Aguilar Julio, Reintgen Douglas, Jakub J, Pendas S, Duhaime L, Cassell R, Gardner M, Giuliano R, Archie V, Calvin D, Mensha L, Shivers S, Cox C, Werner J A, Kitagawa Y, Kitajima M
Department of Surgery, University of California, and UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2006 Jun;25(2):221-32. doi: 10.1007/s10555-006-8502-8.
In human solid cancer, lymph node status is the most important indicator for clinical outcome. Recent developments in the sentinel lymph node concept and technology have resulted in a more precise way of examining micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node and the role of lymphovascular system in the facilitation of cancer metastasis. Different patterns of metastasis are described with respect to different types of solid cancer. Expect perhaps for papillary carcinoma and sarcoma, the overwhelming evidence is that solid cancer progresses in an orderly progression from the primary site to the regional lymph node or the sentinel lymph node in the majority of cases with subsequent dissemination to the systemic sites. The basic mechanisms of cancer metastasis through the lymphovascular system form the basis of rational therapy against cancer. Beyond the clinical patterns of metastasis, it is imperative to understand the biology of metastasis and to characterize patterns of metastasis perhaps due to heterogeneous clones based on their molecular signatures.
在人类实体癌中，淋巴结状态是临床预后的最重要指标。前哨淋巴结概念和技术的最新进展，带来了一种更精确的方法来检测前哨淋巴结中的微转移，以及淋巴血管系统在促进癌症转移中的作用。针对不同类型的实体癌，描述了不同的转移模式。除了乳头状癌和肉瘤外，绝大多数证据表明，在大多数情况下，实体癌从原发部位有序进展至区域淋巴结或前哨淋巴结，随后扩散至全身部位。癌症通过淋巴血管系统转移的基本机制构成了合理抗癌治疗的基础。除了转移的临床模式外，了解转移生物学并根据其分子特征表征可能由于异质性克隆导致的转移模式至关重要。
