Bi Xiangyang, Feng Xinbin, Yang Yuangen, Qiu Guangle, Li Guanghui, Li Feili, Liu Taoze, Fu Zhiyou, Jin Zhisheng
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China.
Environ Int. 2006 Sep;32(7):883-90. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2006.05.010. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
Total heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentrations were evaluated in smelting waste, soil, crop and moss samples collected from the Hezhang artisanal zinc smelting areas, Guizhou, China. Soil samples from the cornfield near the smelting sites contained extremely high Cd (5.8-74 mg kg(-1)), Pb (60-14,000 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (260-16,000 mg kg(-1)) concentrations. Elevated heavy metal concentrations were also found in corn plants and total Pb (0.80-1.5 mg kg(-1)) and Cd (0.05-0.76 mg kg(-1)) concentrations in corn grain have totally or partially exceeded the national guidance limits for foodstuff. Thus, the soil-to-crop transfer of heavy metals might pose a potential health risk to the local residents. Similar to the high heavy metal levels in soil and corn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations in moss samples collected from the smelting sites ranged from 10 to 110, 10 to 55, 26 to 51, 400 to 1200 and 330 to 1100 mg kg(-1), respectively, exhibiting a local spatial pattern of metals deposition from the atmosphere. Based on examination of Zn/Cd and Pb/Cd ratios of the analyzed samples, we have distinguished between the flue gas dust derived and smelting waste derived metals in different environmental compartments.
对从中国贵州赫章手工锌冶炼区采集的冶炼废物、土壤、作物和苔藓样本中的总重金属（镉、铬、铜、铅和锌）浓度进行了评估。冶炼厂附近玉米地的土壤样本中镉（5.8 - 74毫克/千克）、铅（60 - 14,000毫克/千克）和锌（260 - 16,000毫克/千克）的浓度极高。玉米植株中也发现重金属浓度升高，玉米籽粒中的总铅（0.80 - 1.5毫克/千克）和镉（0.05 - 0.76毫克/千克）浓度完全或部分超过了国家食品指导限值。因此，重金属从土壤到作物的转移可能对当地居民构成潜在健康风险。与土壤和玉米中的高重金属水平类似，从冶炼厂采集的苔藓样本中镉、铬、铜、铅和锌的浓度分别为10至110、10至55、26至51、400至1200和330至1100毫克/千克，呈现出大气中金属沉积的局部空间模式。通过对分析样本的锌/镉和铅/镉比值进行检测，我们区分了不同环境介质中来自烟气粉尘和冶炼废物的金属。
