Smith Nicole M, Bresee Joseph S, Shay David K, Uyeki Timothy M, Cox Nancy J, Strikas Raymond A
Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006 Jul 28;55(RR-10):1-42.
This report updates the 2005 recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of influenza vaccine and antiviral agents (CDC. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP]. MMWR 2005;54[No. RR-8]:1--44). The 2006 recommendations include new and updated information. Principal changes include 1) recommending vaccination of children aged 24-59 months and their household contacts and out-of-home caregivers against influenza; 2) highlighting the importance of administering 2 doses of influenza vaccine for children aged 6 months--<9 years who were previously unvaccinated; 3) advising health-care providers, those planning organized campaigns, and state and local public health agencies to a) develop plans for expanding outreach and infrastructure to vaccinate more persons than the previous year and b) develop contingency plans for the timing and prioritization of administering influenza vaccine, if the supply of vaccine is delayed and/or reduced; 4) reminding providers that they should routinely offer influenza vaccine to patients throughout the influenza season; 5) recommending that neither amantadine nor rimantadine be used for the treatment or chemoprophylaxis of influenza A in the United States until evidence of susceptibility to these antiviral medications has been re-established among circulating influenza A viruses; and 6) using the 2006-07 trivalent influenza vaccine virus strains: A/New Caledonia/20/1999 (H1N1)-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2)-like, and B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like antigens. For the A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2)-like antigen, manufacturers may use the antigenically equivalent A/Hiroshima/52/2005 virus; for the B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like antigen, manufacturers may use the antigenically equivalent B/Ohio/1/2005 virus. A link to this report and other information can be accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/flu.
本报告更新了免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）2005年关于流感疫苗和抗病毒药物使用的建议（疾病预防控制中心。流感的预防与控制：免疫实践咨询委员会[ACIP]的建议。《发病率与死亡率周报》2005年；54[第RR - 8号]：1 - 44）。2006年的建议包含了新的和更新的信息。主要变化包括：1）建议对24至59个月大的儿童及其家庭成员和家庭外照料者接种流感疫苗；2）强调对于6个月至<9岁以前未接种过疫苗的儿童接种2剂流感疫苗的重要性；3）建议医疗保健提供者、计划组织活动的人员以及州和地方公共卫生机构：a）制定计划以扩大推广范围和基础设施，使接种人数比上一年更多，b）如果疫苗供应延迟和/或减少，制定流感疫苗接种时间安排和优先级的应急计划；4）提醒提供者应在整个流感季节常规为患者提供流感疫苗；5）建议在美国，在循环的甲型流感病毒中重新建立对这些抗病毒药物的敏感性证据之前，金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺均不应用于甲型流感的治疗或化学预防；6）采用2006 - 07年度三价流感疫苗病毒株：A/新喀里多尼亚/20/1999（H1N1）类似株、A/威斯康星/67/2005（H3N2）类似株和B/马来西亚/2506/2004类似株抗原。对于A/威斯康星/67/2005（H3N2）类似株抗原，制造商可使用抗原性等效的A/广岛/52/2005病毒；对于B/马来西亚/
