Paterson David L
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 1;43 Suppl 2:S43-8. doi: 10.1086/504476.
Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter species that are resistant to all, or almost all, commercially available antibiotics are now prevalent worldwide. Typically, these strains are recovered from patients in intensive care units who have ventilator-associated pneumonia. "Panresistant" strains can be defined as strains that are resistant to all beta -lactam and quinolone antibiotics recommended as empirical therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia. These strains are well adapted to the hospital environment--molecular epidemiological studies have frequently revealed that only 1 or 2 clones caused outbreaks in intensive care units. However, panresistant strains may also be selected by antibiotic use. Given the lack of antibiotic options to treat infection with panresistant strains, enhanced surveillance for these organisms is necessary at unit-specific, institutional, and national levels.
对所有或几乎所有市售抗生素耐药的铜绿假单胞菌或不动杆菌属菌株目前在全球普遍存在。通常，这些菌株是从患有呼吸机相关性肺炎的重症监护病房患者中分离出来的。“全耐药”菌株可定义为对推荐用于呼吸机相关性肺炎经验性治疗的所有β-内酰胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素均耐药的菌株。这些菌株非常适应医院环境——分子流行病学研究经常表明，在重症监护病房中只有1或2个克隆株引发了疫情。然而，全耐药菌株也可能因抗生素的使用而被选择出来。鉴于缺乏治疗全耐药菌株感染的抗生素选择，在单位、机构和国家层面加强对这些微生物的监测是必要的。
