Liaw Horng-Jang, Wang Tzu-Ai
Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
J Hazard Mater. 2007 Mar 6;141(1):193-201. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.108. Epub 2006 Jul 1.
Flash point is one of the major quantities used to characterize the fire and explosion hazard of liquids. Herein, a liquid with dissolved salt is presented in a salt-distillation process for separating close-boiling or azeotropic systems. The addition of salts to a liquid may reduce fire and explosion hazard. In this study, we have modified a previously proposed model for predicting the flash point of miscible mixtures to extend its application to solvent/salt mixtures. This modified model was verified by comparison with the experimental data for organic solvent/salt and aqueous-organic solvent/salt mixtures to confirm its efficacy in terms of prediction of the flash points of these mixtures. The experimental results confirm marked increases in liquid flash point increment with addition of inorganic salts relative to supplementation with equivalent quantities of water. Based on this evidence, it appears reasonable to suggest potential application for the model in assessment of the fire and explosion hazard for solvent/salt mixtures and, further, that addition of inorganic salts may prove useful for hazard reduction in flammable liquids.
闪点是用于表征液体火灾和爆炸危险的主要参数之一。在此，在盐蒸馏过程中呈现了一种含有溶解盐的液体，用于分离近沸或共沸体系。向液体中添加盐可能会降低火灾和爆炸危险。在本研究中，我们对先前提出的用于预测互溶混合物闪点的模型进行了修改，以将其应用扩展到溶剂/盐混合物。通过与有机溶剂/盐和水 - 有机溶剂/盐混合物的实验数据进行比较，验证了该修改后的模型，以确认其在预测这些混合物闪点方面的有效性。实验结果证实，相对于添加等量的水，添加无机盐会使液体闪点显著增加。基于这一证据，该模型在评估溶剂/盐混合物的火灾和爆炸危险方面具有潜在应用似乎是合理的，此外，添加无机盐可能对降低易燃液体的危险性有用。
