Zhou Shaoman, Kern Earl R, Gullen Elizabeth, Cheng Yung-Chi, Drach John C, Tamiya Sadahiro, Mitsuya Hiroaki, Zemlicka Jiri
Department of Chemistry, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201-1379, USA.
J Med Chem. 2006 Oct 5;49(20):6120-8. doi: 10.1021/jm0607404.
All stereoisomers of adenine and guanine methylene-3-fluoromethylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b were synthesized and their antiviral activities were evaluated. A highly convergent approach permitted the synthesis of all these analogues using a single intermediate 15. Reaction of aldehyde 13 with fluorotrichloromethane and tri-n-butylphosphine gave fluoroalkenes 14a+14b (83:17). Addition of carbene derived from ethyl diazoacetate gave cyclopropane 15 as the major product. Reduction (19), bromination (20), and phenylselenenylation (21), followed by Se oxidation and beta-elimination gave cis-methylenecyclopropane 22. Addition of bromine provided the reagent 23 for alkylation-elimination. Reaction of 23 with adenine led to an isomeric mixture 25a+26a that after deprotection afforded analogues 9a and 10a. The 2-amino-6-chloropurine furnished 25e+26e and after deblocking (9e and 10e) and hydrolysis gave targets 9b and 10b. Intermediate 15 provided, after debenzylation (27), 2-nitrophenylselenenylation (28), reduction (29), benzylation (30), and oxidation-elimination trans-methylenecyclopropane 31. Addition of bromine gave reagent 32. Further transformations followed the sequence outlined for analogues 9a, 9b, 10a, and 10b. Analogue 9b was effective against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV; Towne) with EC50 2.9 microM. The trans-isomer 10b inhibited AD169 strain of HCMV (EC50 15 microM) and the murine virus MCMV (EC50 2.5 microM). Compound 12a was effective against Epstein-Barr virus (EC50<0.03 microM). Analogue 9a inhibited varicella zoster virus (EC50 5.9 microM) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (EC50 5.2 microM). Analogues 9a, 10a, and 11a are moderate substrates for adenosine deaminase. The structure-activity relationships will be discussed in context with other methylenecyclopropane analogues.
合成了核苷9a、9b、10a、10b、11a、11b、12a和12b的腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤亚甲基-3-氟亚甲基环丙烷类似物的所有立体异构体,并评估了它们的抗病毒活性。一种高度收敛的方法允许使用单一中间体15合成所有这些类似物。醛13与三氟氯甲烷和三正丁基膦反应生成氟代烯烃14a + 14b(83:17)。加入由重氮乙酸乙酯衍生的卡宾,得到环丙烷15作为主要产物。还原(19)、溴化(20)和苯硒基化(21),随后进行硒氧化和β-消除,得到顺式亚甲基环丙烷22。加入溴提供用于烷基化-消除的试剂23。23与腺嘌呤反应生成异构体混合物25a + 26a,脱保护后得到类似物9a和10a。2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤生成25e + 26e,脱保护(9e和10e)并水解后得到目标产物9b和10b。中间体15在脱苄基(27)、2-硝基苯硒基化(28)、还原(29)、苄基化(30)以及氧化-消除后得到反式亚甲基环丙烷31。加入溴得到试剂32。进一步的转化按照针对类似物9a、9b、10a和10b概述的顺序进行。类似物9b对人巨细胞病毒(HCMV;Towne株)有效,EC50为2.9微摩尔。反式异构体10b抑制HCMV的AD169株(EC50为15微摩尔)和鼠病毒MCMV(EC50为2.5微摩尔)。化合物12a对爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒有效(EC50 < 0.03微摩尔)。类似物9a抑制水痘带状疱疹病毒(EC50为5.9微摩尔)和1型人类免疫缺陷病毒(EC50为5.2微摩尔)。类似物9a、10a和11a是腺苷脱氨酶的中度底物。将结合其他亚甲基环丙烷类似物讨论构效关系。