Azhir Afshin, Frajzadegan Ziba, Adibi Atoosa, Hedayatpoor Behnood, Fazel Aliyar, Divband Alireza
Department of Pediatric, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Saudi Med J. 2006 Oct;27(10):1572-7.
To estimate the prevalence of enuresis in primary school children in Iran and to determine the factors associated with this disorder.
A cross-sectional time-ordered study was performed at the Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan Medical University, Isfahan, Iran from September 2005 to January 2006. A total of 4500 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to parents of children aged 6-12 years attending 30 primary schools.
From an overall response rate of 69.9%, enuresis was reported in 216 children (7%), comprising 6.2% for nocturnal enuresis according to ICD10 and 3.3% according to DSM IV, 0.5% for diurnal enuresis and 0.8% for combined day and night wetting. Primary nocturnal enuresis was reported in 166 children (5.3%). Seventy-one (50.7%) of the 140 children with nocturnal enuresis had > or =3 wet nights per week. A positive family history in father and mother was seen in 51% and 39% of children with primary nocturnal enuresis respectively. Using logistic regression analysis, younger age (p < 0.002), gender (p < 0.0001) and low level of education of mother (p < 0.028) were significant predictors of enuresis. Positive history of enuresis in father was a significant predictor of primary nocturnal enuresis (p < 0.012).
The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in Iran is lower than those reported in western countries, however, higher percentage demonstrated severe enuresis. The prevalence of diurnal enuresis is lower than previous studies. Age, gender and the educational level of the mother are the main risk determinants of enuresis and the prevalence of primary nocturnal enuresis appears to be significantly related to positive history of enuresis in father.
评估伊朗小学生遗尿症的患病率，并确定与该疾病相关的因素。
2005年9月至2006年1月，在伊朗伊斯法罕伊斯法罕医科大学医学院进行了一项横断面时间序列研究。共向30所小学中6至12岁儿童的家长发放了4500份自填式问卷。
总体回复率为69.9%，216名儿童（7%）报告有遗尿症，其中根据国际疾病分类第10版（ICD10），夜间遗尿症占6.2%，根据美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版（DSM IV）占3.3%，日间遗尿症占0.5%，日夜合并遗尿症占0.8%。166名儿童（5.3%）报告有原发性夜间遗尿症。140名夜间遗尿症儿童中有71名（50.7%）每周尿床≥3次。原发性夜间遗尿症儿童中，分别有51%和39%的儿童父亲和母亲有阳性家族史。采用逻辑回归分析，年龄较小（p<0.002）、性别（p<0.0001）和母亲教育程度低（p<0.028）是遗尿症的显著预测因素。父亲有遗尿症阳性史是原发性夜间遗尿症的显著预测因素（p<0.012）。
伊朗夜间遗尿症的患病率低于西方国家报道的患病率，但严重遗尿症的比例更高。日间遗尿症的患病率低于先前的研究。年龄、性别和母亲的教育水平是遗尿症的主要风险决定因素，原发性夜间遗尿症的患病率似乎与父亲的遗尿症阳性史显著相关。
