与苯丙胺异构体相比，安非他命能增加纹状体多巴胺释放，并具有更长的时程。
Adderall produces increased striatal dopamine release and a prolonged time course compared to amphetamine isomers.
作者信息
Joyce B Matthew, Glaser Paul E A, Gerhardt Greg A
机构信息
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Center for Sensor Technology, The Morris K. Udall Parkinson's Disease Research Center of Excellence, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40536-0098, USA.
出版信息
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Apr;191(3):669-77. doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0550-9. Epub 2006 Oct 10.
RATIONALE
Adderall is currently used for the treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and is composed of a novel mixture of approximately 24% L-amphetamine and 76% D-amphetamine salts. There are, however, no investigations of the pharmacological effects of this combination in vivo.
OBJECTIVES
The technique of high-speed chronoamperometry using Nafion-coated single carbon-fiber microelectrodes was used to study amphetamine-evoked dopamine (DA) release produced by Adderall, D-amphetamine, or D,L-amphetamine in the striatum of anesthetized male Fischer 344 (F344) rats. The amphetamine solutions were locally applied from micropipettes by pressure ejection.
RESULTS
Local applications of Adderall resulted in significantly greater DA release signal amplitudes with prolonged time course of dopamine release and re-uptake as compared to D-amphetamine and D,L-amphetamine.
CONCLUSIONS
These data support the hypothesis that the combination of amphetamine enantiomers and salts in Adderall has effects on DA release, which result in increased and prolonged DA release, compared to D- and D,L-amphetamine.
理论依据
安非他命目前用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），它由约24%的L-苯丙胺和76%的D-苯丙胺盐组成的新型混合物。然而，尚无关于该组合在体内药理作用的研究。
目的
使用涂有Nafion的单碳纤维微电极的高速计时电流法技术，研究安非他命、D-苯丙胺或D,L-苯丙胺在麻醉的雄性Fischer 344（F344）大鼠纹状体中诱发的多巴胺（DA）释放。苯丙胺溶液通过压力喷射从微量移液器局部施加。
结果
与D-苯丙胺和D,L-苯丙胺相比，局部应用安非他命导致多巴胺释放信号幅度显著更大，多巴胺释放和再摄取的时间过程延长。
结论
这些数据支持以下假设：与D-苯丙胺和D,L-苯丙胺相比，安非他命中苯丙胺对映体和盐的组合对DA释放有影响，导致DA释放增加和延长。
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