Zang Chang-hai, Zeng Qing-yu, Li Xiao-feng, Dong Hai-yuan, Zhang Ai-lian, Zhao Qi
Department of Rheumatology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Jul;45(7):533-6.
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is found to be one of the commonest rheumatic disorders. For prevention of knee OA, the risk factors for this condition should first be identified.
A population sample of 2188 adults aged 35 - 64 years, living in 6-story buildings without elevators, was surveyed from April to August 2005 in the urban of Taiyuan region, north China. Protocol of APLAR-COPCORD Core Questionnaire for identification of risk factors for knee OA was implemented. The positive respondents were examined simultaneously by rheumatologists. Lateral and anterior-posterior non-weight-bearing knee radiographs were arranged. Variables such as sex, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, education level, and smoking et al, were included in binary logistic regression model for further analysis.
Prevalence rate of knee pain and knee OA was 13.6% and 10.9% respectively, significantly higher than that in Shantou--in south of China and similar with Beijing--in north of China. Both of these prevalence was significantly higher in women than that in men (18.3% vs. 8.7% and 15.1% vs. 6.3%), and with a tendency of being increased with age. The prevalence rate of knee OA was increased more obviously in people after 40 years old in women and after 45 years old in men. BMI in knee OA group was significantly higher than that in non-knee OA group. Binary logistic regression revealed that age, sex, and BMI were significantly associated with knee OA. Whereas there were no significant association between the other factors such as climbing stairs, waist circumference, time length of occupation service, education level, smoking, as well as religious belief and knee OA.
Geography, aging (aged > 40 years in woman and > 45 years in man, respectively), female, and overweight (BMI > or = 24 kg/m(2)) might be the associated risk factors of knee OA. No association between climbing stairs and knee OA was found. Prevention of knee OA should be initiated before the middle-aged, especially in female. Controlling body weight and avoiding obesity are important in preventing knee OA.
膝关节骨关节炎（OA）是最常见的风湿性疾病之一。为预防膝关节OA，应首先确定其危险因素。
2005年4月至8月，在中国北方太原地区的市区，对居住在无电梯的6层建筑中的2188名35 - 64岁成年人进行了抽样调查。采用亚太地区风湿病和社区矫形病核心问卷（APLAR-COPCORD）识别膝关节OA危险因素的方案。对阳性应答者同时由风湿病学家进行检查。安排拍摄膝关节非负重时的侧位和前后位X线片。将性别、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、教育程度和吸烟等变量纳入二元逻辑回归模型进行进一步分析。
膝关节疼痛和膝关节OA的患病率分别为13.6%和10.9%，显著高于中国南方的汕头，与中国北方的北京相似。这两种患病率在女性中均显著高于男性（18.3%对8.7%和15.1%对6.3%），且有随年龄增加的趋势。女性40岁以后和男性45岁以后膝关节OA的患病率增加更为明显。膝关节OA组的BMI显著高于非膝关节OA组。二元逻辑回归显示，年龄、性别和BMI与膝关节OA显著相关。而爬楼梯、腰围、工作服务时长、教育程度、吸烟以及宗教信仰等其他因素与膝关节OA之间无显著关联。
地理位置、衰老（女性>40岁，男性>45岁）、女性性别以及超重（BMI≥24 kg/m²）可能是膝关节OA的相关危险因素。未发现爬楼梯与膝关节OA之间存在关联。膝关节OA的预防应在中年之前开始，尤其是女性。控制体重和避免肥胖对预防膝关节OA很重要。
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