Meczekalski Błazej, Podfigurna-Stopa Agnieszka, Warenik-Szymankiewicz Alina
Katedra i Klinika Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej Akademii Medycznej w Poznaniu.
Ginekol Pol. 2006 Aug;77(8):634-42.
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder, characterized by low body weight, distorted body image, amenorrhea and an intense fear of gaining weight. The occurrence of anorexia nervosa has increased over the past 10 years among adolescents and young women and it is estimated to occur in 0,5-1% of population. The Anorexia nervosa is not only a psychiatric illness may have many serious gynecological and medical ramifications. Preventive measures to reduce the incidence of anorexia are not known at this time. However, early detection, intervention and cooperation between many specialists can reduce the severity of symptoms and health consequences. Gynecologists assume a broader role in preventative medicine and health maintenance, that is why their awareness of anorexia nervosa is needed. Anorectic patients have metabolic and endocrine complications. Most of them are caused by the dysfunction of hypothalamus, which produces many nueropeptides and neurotransmitters. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by numerous aberrations in neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone, neuropeptyd Y, leptin, beta-endorfins and serotonine, dopamine. The relationship of anorexia nervosa with genetic factor is being enhanced lower the last few years. However, the studies on the role of polymorphism in some genes brought conflicting results.
神经性厌食症是一种进食障碍，其特征为体重过低、身体形象扭曲、闭经以及对体重增加的强烈恐惧。在过去10年中，青少年和年轻女性中神经性厌食症的发病率有所上升，据估计在人群中的发生率为0.5%-1%。神经性厌食症不仅是一种精神疾病，还可能产生许多严重的妇科和医学后果。目前尚不清楚降低厌食症发病率的预防措施。然而，早期发现、干预以及许多专家之间的合作可以减轻症状的严重程度和对健康的影响。妇科医生在预防医学和健康维护中发挥着更广泛的作用，这就是为什么需要他们对神经性厌食症有所认识。厌食症患者存在代谢和内分泌并发症。其中大多数是由下丘脑功能障碍引起的，下丘脑会产生许多神经肽和神经递质。神经性厌食症的特征是神经肽和神经递质存在许多异常，如促性腺激素释放激素、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、神经肽Y、瘦素、β-内啡肽以及血清素、多巴胺。在过去几年中，神经性厌食症与遗传因素的关系正日益受到重视。然而，关于某些基因多态性作用的研究结果相互矛盾。
