Archibald Lisa M D, Gathercole Susan E
Department of Psychology, University of Durham, Durham, UK.
Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2006 Nov-Dec;41(6):675-93. doi: 10.1080/13682820500442602.
Investigations of the cognitive processes underlying specific language impairment (SLI) have implicated deficits in the storage and processing of phonological information, but to date these abilities have not been studied in the same group of children with SLI.
To examine the extent to which deficits in immediate verbal short-term and working memory may co-occur in a group of children with SLI.
METHODS & PROCEDURES: Twenty children aged 7-11 years with SLI completed a comprehensive battery of short-term and working memory, as well as two phonological awareness tasks.
OUTCOMES & RESULTS: The majority of the group had deficits in both verbal short-term and working memory, which persisted after the general language abilities of the children were taken into account. A substantial minority showed deficits on visuospatial short-term memory, while impairments of phonological awareness were less marked.
The data indicate dual deficits in verbal short-term and working memory that exceed criterial language abilities characteristic of SLI and may plausibly underpin some of the language learning difficulties experienced by these children.
对特定语言障碍（SLI）潜在认知过程的研究表明，语音信息的存储和处理存在缺陷，但迄今为止，尚未在同一组患有SLI的儿童中对这些能力进行研究。
研究一组患有SLI的儿童中即时言语短期记忆和工作记忆缺陷同时出现的程度。
20名7至11岁患有SLI的儿童完成了一系列全面的短期和工作记忆测试，以及两项语音意识任务。
该组中的大多数儿童在言语短期记忆和工作记忆方面都存在缺陷，在考虑了儿童的一般语言能力后，这些缺陷仍然存在。相当少数的儿童在视觉空间短期记忆方面存在缺陷，而语音意识障碍则不太明显。
数据表明，言语短期记忆和工作记忆存在双重缺陷，这些缺陷超过了SLI特有的临界语言能力，可能是这些儿童在语言学习中遇到的一些困难的合理原因。
