氧化亚氮对接受卵巢子宫切除术的通气犬的氟烷、异氟烷和七氟烷需求量的影响。

The effect of nitrous oxide on halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane requirements in ventilated dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

作者信息

Duke T, Caulkett N A, Tataryn J M

机构信息

Department Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

出版信息

Vet Anaesth Analg. 2006 Nov;33(6):343-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2005.00274.x.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effect of 64% nitrous oxide (N2O) on halothane (HAL), isoflurane (ISO) or sevoflurane (SEV) requirements in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

STUDY DESIGN

Prospective, randomized, clinical trial.

ANIMALS

Ninety, healthy dogs of (mean +/- SD) body weight 21.2 +/- 10.0 kg and age 17.8 +/- 22.8 months.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

After premedication with acepromazine, hydromorphone and glycopyrrolate, anesthesia was induced with thiopental administered to effect. Dogs received one of six inhalant protocols (n = 15 group): HAL; HAL/N2O; ISO; ISO/N2O; SEV; or SEV/N2O. End-tidal CO2 was maintained at 40 +/- 2 mmHg with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Body temperature, heart rate, indirect systemic arterial blood pressures, inspired and end-tidal CO2, volatile agent, N2O and O2 were recorded every 5 minutes. The vaporizer setting was decreased in 0.25-0.5% decrements to elicit a palpebral reflex, and this level maintained. Statistical analysis included two-way anova for repeated measures with Bonferroni's correction factor and statistical significance assumed when p < 0.05. Percentage reduction in end-tidal volatile agent was calculated at 60 minutes after starting study.

RESULTS

End-tidal HAL, ISO and SEV decreased when N2O was administered. Percentage reduction: HAL (12.4%); ISO (37.1%) and SEV (21.4%). Diastolic, mean and systolic blood pressures increased in ISO/N2O compared with ISO. Heart rate increased in ISO/N2O and SEV/N2O compared with ISO and SEV, respectively. Systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures increased in SEV compared with HAL and ISO. Systolic, mean, diastolic blood pressures and heart rate increased in SEV/N2O and ISO/N2O compared with HAL/N2O.

CONCLUSIONS

N2O reduces HAL, ISO and SEV requirements in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Cardiovascular stimulation occurred when N2O was used with ISO, less so with SEV and not with HAL

目的

研究64%氧化亚氮（N₂O）对接受卵巢子宫切除术的犬只氟烷（HAL）、异氟烷（ISO）或七氟烷（SEV）需求量的影响。

研究设计

前瞻性、随机临床试验。

动物

90只健康犬，体重（均值±标准差）为21.2±10.0千克，年龄为17.8±22.8个月。

材料与方法

用乙酰丙嗪、氢吗啡酮和格隆溴铵进行术前用药后，静脉注射硫喷妥钠诱导麻醉。犬只接受六种吸入麻醉方案之一（每组n = 15）：HAL；HAL/N₂O；ISO；ISO/N₂O；SEV；或SEV/N₂O。通过间歇正压通气（IPPV）将呼气末二氧化碳维持在40±2 mmHg。每5分钟记录体温、心率、间接体循环动脉血压、吸入和呼气末二氧化碳、挥发性麻醉剂、N₂O和氧气。蒸发器设置以0.25 - 0.5%的递减幅度降低以引出眼睑反射，并维持该水平。统计分析包括重复测量的双向方差分析以及采用Bonferroni校正因子，当p < 0.05时认为具有统计学意义。在研究开始60分钟后计算呼气末挥发性麻醉剂的减少百分比。

结果

给予N₂O时，呼气末HAL、ISO和SEV降低。减少百分比：HAL（12.4%）；ISO（37.1%）和SEV（21.4%）。与ISO相比，ISO/N₂O组的舒张压、平均压和收缩压升高。与ISO和SEV相比，ISO/N₂O和SEV/N₂O组的心率分别升高。与HAL和ISO相比，SEV组的收缩压、平均压和舒张压升高。与HAL/N₂O相比，SEV/N₂O和ISO/N₂O组的收缩压、平均压、舒张压和心率升高。

结论

N₂O可降低接受卵巢子宫切除术犬只的HAL、ISO和SEV需求量。当N₂O与ISO联用时会出现心血管刺激，与SEV联用时刺激较小，与HAL联用时无刺激。