布氏乳杆菌对玉米青贮饲料发酵、有氧稳定性及瘤胃降解率的影响

The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri on the fermentation, aerobic stability and ruminal degradability of maize silage.

作者信息

Filya I, Sucu E, Karabulut A

机构信息

Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

出版信息

J Appl Microbiol. 2006 Dec;101(6):1216-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03038.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03038.x

PMID:17105551

Abstract

AIMS

To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus buchneri, heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB), on the fermentation, aerobic stability and ruminal degradability of whole-crop maize silages under laboratory conditions. Two homofermentative LAB were tested for the purpose of comparison.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Maize was harvested at early dent [290 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk line (355 g kg(-1) DM) stages. Both homofermentative LAB were applied at 1 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) of fresh forage. Lactobacillus buchneri was applied at 1 x 10(5), 5 x 10(5) and 1 x 10(6) CFU g(-1) of fresh forage. Silages with no additives served as control. After treatment, the chopped forages were ensiled in 1.5-l anaerobic jars. Three jars per treatment were sampled on day 60. After 60 days of storage, silages were subjected to an aerobic stability test lasting for 5 days, in which CO(2) production, as well as chemical and microbiological parameters, was measured to determine the extent of aerobic deterioration. Both homofermentative LAB increased the concentration of lactic acid and the numbers of yeasts, and decreased the concentration of acetic acid and impaired the aerobic stability of silages. In contrast, applying L. buchneri decreased the concentration of lactic acid and increased the concentration of acetic acid of the silages. Under aerobic conditions, silages treated with 5 x 10(5) and 1 x 10(6) CFU g(-1) of L. buchneri, had lower pH, CO(2) production and the numbers of yeasts than the silages treated with 1 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) of L. buchneri (P < 0.05). However, all doses of L. buchneri and both homofermentative LAB did not affect in situ rumen DM, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre degradability of the silages.

CONCLUSIONS

Lactobacillus buchneri was very effective in protecting maize silages exposed to air under laboratory conditions. All doses of L. buchneri, especially 5 x 10(5) CFU g(-1) or more, markedly decreased the numbers of yeasts and improved the aerobic stability of silages.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

The use of L. buchneri, as a silage inoculant, can improve the aerobic stability of maize silages by inhibition of yeast activity.

摘要

目的

在实验室条件下，评估异型发酵乳酸菌布氏乳杆菌对全株玉米青贮饲料发酵、有氧稳定性及瘤胃降解性的影响。为作比较，对两种同型发酵乳酸菌进行了测试。

方法与结果

在乳熟初期（干物质含量290 g·kg⁻¹）和乳线一半处（干物质含量355 g·kg⁻¹）收获玉米。两种同型发酵乳酸菌均以每克新鲜饲料1×10⁵ CFU的用量施用。布氏乳杆菌分别以每克新鲜饲料1×10⁵、5×10⁵和1×10⁶ CFU的用量施用。未添加任何添加剂的青贮饲料作为对照。处理后，将切碎的饲料装入1.5升的厌氧罐中青贮。在第60天对每个处理的三个罐子进行采样。储存60天后，对青贮饲料进行为期5天的有氧稳定性测试，测定二氧化碳产生量以及化学和微生物参数，以确定有氧变质的程度。两种同型发酵乳酸菌均提高了乳酸浓度和酵母菌数量，降低了乙酸浓度，并损害了青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。相比之下，施用布氏乳杆菌降低了青贮饲料的乳酸浓度，提高了乙酸浓度。在有氧条件下，用每克饲料5×10⁵和1×10⁶ CFU布氏乳杆菌处理的青贮饲料，其pH值、二氧化碳产生量和酵母菌数量均低于用每克饲料1×10⁵ CFU布氏乳杆菌处理的青贮饲料（P<0.05）。然而，所有剂量的布氏乳杆菌和两种同型发酵乳酸菌均未影响青贮饲料在瘤胃中原位干物质、有机物和中性洗涤纤维的降解率。