Sato K T, Saga K, Ohtsuyama M, Takemura T, Kang W H, Sato F, Suzuki Y, Sato K
Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
Am J Physiol. 1991 Jul;261(1 Pt 2):R87-93. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.1.R87.
The ionic mechanism of beta-adrenergic sweating is unknown. In isolated rhesus eccrine secretory coils, K efflux was determined by an extracellular K electrode and cellular monovalent ions by X-ray microanalysis. Isoproterenol (Iso) induced a small (dose-dependent propranolol-inhibitable) K efflux followed by net K reuptake. Similar K response was seen with forskolin, theophylline, or isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX). The net K uptake often exceeded the net K efflux, causing a small net accumulation of K. Bumetanide (BT) and ouabain not only abolished the Iso (with or without IBMX) -induced net K uptake but increased the Iso-induced initial K efflux about threefold. BT and ouabain drastically decreased K and Cl concentrations in the clear cell (by X-ray microanalysis) only in the presence of Iso plus IBMX, suggesting that adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) may simultaneously stimulate both KCl efflux (by unknown mechanisms) and K reuptake (presumably by BT-sensitive cotransporters and ouabain-sensitive Na pumps). Thus the cAMP-mediated ion movement is different from the cholinergic mechanism that is characterized by the net KCl loss, cell shrinkage (Saga et al., J. Membr. Biol. 107: 13-24, 1989; Takemura et al., J. Membr. Biol. In press), and no augmentation of methacholine-induced K efflux by BT or ouabain.
β-肾上腺素能性出汗的离子机制尚不清楚。在分离的恒河猴外分泌汗腺分泌盘,通过细胞外钾电极测定钾外流,并用X射线微量分析测定细胞单价离子。异丙肾上腺素(Iso)诱导少量(剂量依赖性且可被普萘洛尔抑制)钾外流,随后是钾的净再摄取。用福斯可林、茶碱或异丁基甲基黄嘌呤(IBMX)可观察到类似的钾反应。钾的净摄取常常超过钾外流,导致钾的少量净积累。布美他尼(BT)和哇巴因不仅消除了Iso(无论有无IBMX)诱导的钾净摄取,还使Iso诱导的初始钾外流增加约三倍。仅在存在Iso加IBMX的情况下,BT和哇巴因才会通过X射线微量分析显著降低透明细胞中的钾和氯浓度,这表明3',5'-环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)可能同时刺激钾氯外流(通过未知机制)和钾再摄取(推测通过对BT敏感的协同转运体和对哇巴因敏感的钠泵)。因此,cAMP介导的离子运动不同于胆碱能机制,胆碱能机制的特征是钾氯净流失、细胞收缩(Saga等人,《膜生物学杂志》107: 13 - 24, 1989;Takemura等人,《膜生物学杂志》待发表),且BT或哇巴因不会增强乙酰甲胆碱诱导的钾外流。