Robbins Jessica M, Khan Khudsiya S, Lisi Louise M, Robbins Susan W, Michel Suzanne H, Torcato Brian R
Philadelphia Department of Public Health, 500 S. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007 Jan;161(1):17-20. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.1.17.
To estimate the prevalence and incidence of overweight among low-income, inner-city children aged 3 to 7 years and to determine predictors of changes in body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) percentile.
Retrospective cohort study using administrative and medical records.
The Philadelphia Health Care Centers, 1996 through 2003.
Three hundred eighty-six patients who had at least 2 well-child visits between the ages of 3 and 7 years, had at least 1 visit between September 2001 and 2003, and were between the ages of 5 and 7 years at the most recent visit. Mean follow-up time was 2.4 years.
Age, sex, race/ethnicity, and BMI percentile at baseline.
Prevalence and incidence of overweight and at risk of overweight and change in BMI percentile.
Prevalence of overweight at the initial visit was 18%, with 16% at risk of overweight. At the last visit, the prevalence of overweight was 19%, with 15% at risk of overweight. Based on maximum BMI percentile, 29% were overweight at some point and an additional 19% were at risk of overweight at least once. Annualized incidence of overweight among those not overweight at baseline was 5% per year: 2% per year for normal-weight children and 14% per year for children in the at-risk category. The outcomes were not associated with sex, race/ethnicity, or age at first or last visit. Incident overweight was positively associated with BMI percentile at baseline.
The early onset and frequent persistence of overweight demonstrated herein underline the need to prevent overweight among very young children.
评估3至7岁低收入市中心儿童超重的患病率和发病率，并确定体重指数（BMI，计算方法为体重千克数除以身高米数的平方）百分位数变化的预测因素。
利用行政和医疗记录进行回顾性队列研究。
1996年至2003年的费城医疗中心。
386名患者，他们在3至7岁之间至少有2次健康儿童检查，在2001年9月至2003年之间至少有1次检查，且在最近一次检查时年龄在5至7岁之间。平均随访时间为2.4年。
年龄、性别、种族/族裔以及基线时的BMI百分位数。
超重和有超重风险的患病率和发病率以及BMI百分位数的变化。
初次就诊时超重患病率为18%，有超重风险的为16%。在最后一次就诊时，超重患病率为19%，有超重风险的为15%。根据最高BMI百分位数，29%的儿童在某个时间点超重，另有19%的儿童至少有一次有超重风险。基线时未超重者的超重年化发病率为每年5%：正常体重儿童为每年2%，有超重风险类别的儿童为每年14%。结局与首次或最后一次就诊时的性别、种族/族裔或年龄无关。新发超重与基线时的BMI百分位数呈正相关。
本文所显示的超重的早发和频繁持续强调了预防幼儿超重的必要性。
