Gangestad Steven W, Garver-Apgar Christine E, Simpson Jeffry A, Cousins Alita J
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87111, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jan;92(1):151-63. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.151.
Previous research has shown that women's mate preferences change across the ovulatory cycle in a number of ways. The leading explanation for these changes--the good genes hypothesis--predicts that women should prefer presumed markers of genetic benefits ("good genes") most strongly when they are fertile and evaluating men as possible short-term mates. Research testing this hypothesis has almost exclusively examined preferences for purported markers of good genes. Little is known about how preferences for men who display traits valued in long-term, investing mates (e.g., warmth and faithfulness) change across the cycle. The authors had women at different points in their ovulatory cycle rate videotapes of men in terms of how attractive they found each man as a short-term and long-term mate. The authors then examined how women's preferences for traits typically valued in long-term and/or short-term mates varied according to women's fertility status. The results supported the good genes hypothesis. Implications of these findings for models of human mating are discussed.
先前的研究表明，女性的择偶偏好会在排卵周期内以多种方式发生变化。对于这些变化的主要解释——优质基因假说——预测，当女性处于排卵期并将男性视为可能的短期伴侣进行评估时，她们应该最强烈地偏好那些被认为具有遗传优势的特征（“优质基因”）。检验这一假说的研究几乎都只考察了对所谓优质基因特征的偏好。对于那些展现出长期伴侣看重的特质（如热情和忠诚）的男性，其偏好如何在整个周期内变化，我们却知之甚少。作者让处于排卵周期不同阶段的女性对男性的录像带进行打分，评价她们认为每个男性作为短期和长期伴侣的吸引力如何。然后，作者研究了女性对长期和/或短期伴侣通常看重的特质的偏好如何根据其生育状态而变化。研究结果支持了优质基因假说。文中还讨论了这些发现对人类择偶模式的启示。
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