Oliver Stephen P, Headrick Susan I, Gillespie Barbara E, Lewis Mark J, Johnson David L, Lamar Kenneth C, Moorehead Hugh, Dowlen Henry H, Hallberg John W
Department of Animal Science and Food Safety Center of Excellence, Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA.
J Dairy Res. 2007 May;74(2):211-7. doi: 10.1017/S0022029906002391. Epub 2007 Jan 17.
A study was conducted to determine whether intramammary antibiotic treatment of heifer mammary glands following the first milking after calving was effective for reducing the percentage of mammary quarters infected during early lactation. Jersey and Holstein heifers from two research herds were assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) no intramammary infusion following the first milking after parturition, (2) intramammary infusion of all quarters with pirlimycin hydrochloride following the first milking after parturition and (3) intramammary infusion of all quarters with novobiocin sodium plus penicillin G procaine following the first milking after parturition. Almost 93% of Jersey heifers (40/43) and 73.1% of quarters (125/171) were infected at the first milking. Almost 77% of quarters (33/43) were cured following treatment with pirlimycin, 61.8% (21/34) were cured following treatment with penicillin-novobiocin and 39.6% (19/48) of infections were eliminated spontaneously in the untreated control group. Significantly fewer infections were observed in pirlimycin or penicillin-novobiocin treated mammary glands of Jersey heifers during early lactation than in untreated control mammary glands. Almost 89% of Holstein heifers (32/36) and 52.8% of quarters (76/144) were infected at the first milking. About 57% (12/21) of quarters were cured following treatment with pirlimycin, 41.4% (12/29) were cured following treatment with penicillin-novobiocin and 23.1% (6/26) of infections were eliminated spontaneously in the untreated negative control group. Significantly fewer infections were observed in pirlimycin treated mammary glands of Holstein heifers during early lactation than in untreated control mammary glands. However, no significant differences were observed following penicillin-novobiocin treatment of Holstein heifers after the first milking of lactation compared with untreated control quarters. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp dysgalactiae were isolated most frequently in heifers from both herds.
开展了一项研究，以确定在产犊后首次挤奶后对小母牛乳腺进行乳房内抗生素治疗，是否能有效降低泌乳早期乳腺感染区的比例。来自两个研究牛群的泽西牛和荷斯坦牛小母牛被分配到三个治疗组之一：（1）产后首次挤奶后不进行乳房内灌注；（2）产后首次挤奶后对所有乳腺区进行盐酸吡利霉素乳房内灌注；（3）产后首次挤奶后对所有乳腺区进行新生霉素钠加普鲁卡因青霉素乳房内灌注。在首次挤奶时，近93%的泽西牛小母牛（40/43）和73.1%的乳腺区（125/171）受到感染。用吡利霉素治疗后，近77%的乳腺区（33/43）痊愈；用青霉素-新生霉素治疗后，61.8%（21/34）的乳腺区痊愈；在未治疗的对照组中，39.6%（19/48）的感染自行消除。在泌乳早期，接受吡利霉素或青霉素-新生霉素治疗的泽西牛小母牛乳腺中观察到的感染明显少于未治疗的对照乳腺。在首次挤奶时，近89%的荷斯坦牛小母牛（32/36）和52.8%的乳腺区（76/144）受到感染。用吡利霉素治疗后，约57%（12/21）的乳腺区痊愈；用青霉素-新生霉素治疗后，41.4%（12/29）的乳腺区痊愈；在未治疗的阴性对照组中，23.1%（6/26）的感染自行消除。在泌乳早期，接受吡利霉素治疗的荷斯坦牛小母牛乳腺中观察到的感染明显少于未治疗的对照乳腺。然而，与未治疗的对照乳腺区相比，在泌乳首次挤奶后对荷斯坦牛小母牛进行青霉素-新生霉素治疗后，未观察到显著差异。在两个牛群的小母牛中，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌和停乳链球菌停乳亚种最常被分离出来。
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