Schaer B L Dallap, Ryan C T, Boston R C, Nunamaker D M
Richard S. Reynolds Jr. Comparative Orthopedic Research Laboratory, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348, USA.
Equine Vet J. 2006 Nov;38(7):664-70. doi: 10.2746/042516406x156389.
There is a need to determine accelerations acting on the equine hoof under field conditions in order to better assess the risks for orthopaedic health associated with shoeing practices and/or surface conditions.
To measure the acceleration profiles generated in Thoroughbred racehorses exercising at high speeds over dirt racetracks and specifically to evaluate the effect of a toe grab shoe compared to a flat racing plate, using a newly developed wireless data acquisition system (WDAS).
Four Thoroughbred racehorses in training and racing were used. Based on previous trials, each horse served as its own control for speed trials, with shoe type as variable. Horses were evaluated at speeds ranging from 12.0-17.3 m/sec. Impact accelerations, acceleration on break over and take-off, and temporal stride parameters were calculated. Impact injury scores were also determined, using peak accelerations and the time over which they occurred.
Recorded accelerations for the resultant vector (all horses all speeds) calculated from triaxial accelerometers ranged 96.3-251.1 g, depending on the phase of the impact event. An association was observed between shoe type and change in acceleration in individual horses, with 2 horses having increased g on initial impact with toe grab shoes in place. In the final impact phase, one horse had an increase of 110 g while wearing toe grab shoes. Increased accelerations were also observed on break over in 2 horses while wearing toe grab shoes.
Shoe type may change impact accelerations significantly in an individual horse and could represent increased risk for injury. Further work is needed to determine if trends exist across a population.
The WDAS could be used for performance evaluation in individual horses to evaluate any component of the horse-performance surface interface, with the goal of minimising risk and optimising performance.
需要确定在野外条件下作用于马蹄的加速度，以便更好地评估与钉蹄操作和/或地面状况相关的骨科健康风险。
使用新开发的无线数据采集系统（WDAS），测量纯种赛马在泥地赛道上高速奔跑时产生的加速度曲线，并特别评估与平底赛马板相比，抓趾蹄铁的效果。
选用四匹正在训练和参赛的纯种赛马。根据之前的试验，每匹马在速度试验中作为自身对照，鞋型作为变量。对马匹在12.0 - 17.3米/秒的速度范围内进行评估。计算冲击加速度、蹬地和起跳时的加速度以及步幅时间参数。还使用峰值加速度及其出现的时间来确定冲击损伤评分。
根据三轴加速度计计算得出的合成矢量（所有马匹所有速度）记录加速度范围为96.3 - 251.1g，具体取决于冲击事件的阶段。观察到鞋型与个别马匹加速度变化之间存在关联，有两匹马在佩戴抓趾蹄铁时初始冲击时g值增加。在最终冲击阶段，一匹马佩戴抓趾蹄铁时增加了110g。另外两匹马在佩戴抓趾蹄铁时蹬地时也观察到加速度增加。
鞋型可能会使个别马匹的冲击加速度发生显著变化，并可能代表受伤风险增加。需要进一步开展工作以确定在整个群体中是否存在这种趋势。
WDAS可用于对个别马匹进行性能评估，以评估马匹 - 地面界面的任何组成部分，目标是将风险降至最低并优化性能。
