Mazor Yariv, Barnea Itay, Keydar Iafa, Benhar Itai
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Green Building, Room 202, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
J Immunol Methods. 2007 Apr 10;321(1-2):41-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.01.008. Epub 2007 Feb 6.
Targeted therapy encompasses a wide variety of different strategies, which can be divided into direct or indirect approaches. Direct approaches target tumor-associated antigens by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) binding to the relevant antigens or by small-molecule drugs that interfere with these proteins. Indirect approaches rely on tumor-associated antigens expressed on the cell surface with antibody-drug conjugates or antibody-based fusion proteins containing different kinds of effector molecules. To deliver a lethal cargo into tumor cells, the targeting antibodies should efficiently internalize into the cells. Similarly, to qualify as targets for such drugs newly-discovered cell-surface molecules should facilitate the internalization of antibodies that bind to them. Internalization can be studied be several biochemical and microscopy approaches. An undisputed proof of internalization can be provided by the ability of an antibody to specifically deliver a drug into the target cells and kill it. We present a novel IgG binding toxin fusion, ZZ-PE38, in which the Fc-binding ZZ domain, derived from Streptococcal protein A, is linked to a truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin A, the preparation of complexes between ZZ-PE38 and IgGs that bind tumor cells and the specific cytotoxicity of such immunocomplexes is reported. Our results suggest that ZZ-PE38 could prove to be an invaluable tool for the evaluation of the suitability potential of antibodies and their cognate cell-surface antigens to be targeted by immunotherapeutics based on armed antibodies that require internalization.
靶向治疗包含多种不同策略,可分为直接或间接方法。直接方法通过与相关抗原结合的单克隆抗体(mAb)或干扰这些蛋白质的小分子药物来靶向肿瘤相关抗原。间接方法则依靠细胞表面表达的肿瘤相关抗原,借助抗体-药物偶联物或含有不同效应分子的基于抗体的融合蛋白来实现。为了将致死性物质输送到肿瘤细胞中,靶向抗体应能有效地内化进入细胞。同样,作为此类药物的靶点,新发现的细胞表面分子应促进与其结合的抗体的内化。内化可通过多种生化和显微镜方法进行研究。抗体能够特异性地将药物输送到靶细胞并杀死靶细胞,这可以为内化提供无可争议的证据。我们展示了一种新型的IgG结合毒素融合蛋白ZZ-PE38,其中源自链球菌蛋白A的Fc结合ZZ结构域与截短的铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A相连,并报道了ZZ-PE38与结合肿瘤细胞的IgG之间复合物的制备以及此类免疫复合物的特异性细胞毒性。我们的结果表明,对于基于需要内化的武装抗体的免疫治疗而言,ZZ-PE38可能被证明是评估抗体及其同源细胞表面抗原作为靶向适用性潜力的宝贵工具。