Callen Jeffrey P
Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2007 Mar;26(1):6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2006.12.002.
New developments in genetic engineering and biotechnology have allowed the creation of bioengineered molecules that target specific steps in the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated disorders, including Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, pemphigus, and B-cell lymphoma. These drugs work by eliminating pathogenic T cells (alefacept), blocking T-cell activation and/or inhibiting the trafficking of T cells (efalizumab), changing the immune profile from Th1 to Th2, blocking cytokines (eg, tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists including etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab, or interleukin-1-receptor antagonists [anakinra]), or eliminating pathogenic B cells (rituximab). This article reviews the complications and adverse reactions associated with these medications.
基因工程和生物技术的新进展使得生物工程分子得以产生，这些分子可针对包括克罗恩病、类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣和银屑病关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、天疱疮以及B细胞淋巴瘤在内的多种免疫介导疾病发病机制中的特定步骤发挥作用。这些药物的作用方式包括清除致病性T细胞（阿法赛特）、阻断T细胞活化和/或抑制T细胞迁移（依法利珠单抗）、将免疫谱从Th1转变为Th2、阻断细胞因子（例如肿瘤坏死因子α拮抗剂，包括依那西普、英夫利昔单抗和阿达木单抗，或白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂[阿那白滞素]），或清除致病性B细胞（利妥昔单抗）。本文综述了与这些药物相关的并发症和不良反应。
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