翻堆、压实及加水作为影响畜禽粪便堆肥过程中气体排放的因素。
Turning, compacting and the addition of water as factors affecting gaseous emissions in farm manure composting.
作者信息
El Kader Nasser Abd, Robin Paul, Paillat Jean-Marie, Leterme Philippe
机构信息
INRA, Agrocampus Rennes, CIRAD, UMR 1069, Sols Agronomie Spatialisation, F-35000 Rennes, France.
出版信息
Bioresour Technol. 2007 Oct;98(14):2619-28. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.07.035. Epub 2007 Mar 9.
Composting allows simple management of animal manure but excessive aeration can increase emissions of polluting gases such as ammonia or nitrous oxide. The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of three techniques--turning, compacting and the addition of water--on gaseous emissions. One ton of cattle manure and 3 tons of turkey manure were composted in two and four cells for 46 and 51 days respectively. The manure was either turned, wetted, or compacted. Emissions of carbon dioxide, water vapor, ammonia and nitrous oxide were monitored. The results show that turning did not alter the free air space. Compacting can be used specifically to reduce the water loss. A reduction of free air space by 20-60%, either by compacting or adding water (or both), reduced the ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions by 30-70%.
堆肥可使动物粪便得到简单处理，但过度曝气会增加氨或一氧化二氮等污染气体的排放。本研究的目的是确定翻堆、压实和加水这三种技术对气体排放的影响。分别在两个和四个堆肥单元中对1吨牛粪和3吨火鸡粪进行堆肥处理，持续46天和51天。对粪便进行翻堆、湿润或压实处理。监测二氧化碳、水蒸气、氨和一氧化二氮的排放。结果表明，翻堆不会改变自由空气空间。压实可专门用于减少水分流失。通过压实或加水（或两者兼用）使自由空气空间减少20%至60%，可使氨和一氧化二氮排放量减少30%至70%。
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