Kimman T G, Janssen R, Hoebee B
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Postbus I, 3720 BA Bilthoven.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2007 Mar 3;151(9):519-24.
The highly variable susceptibility to and course of infectious diseases are caused by variable environmental factors and by genetic differences in both the pathogens and the host. The genetic variability of the host is determined mainly by polymorphisms in genes that play a role in processes such as adhesion, specific and non-specific immunity, antigen presentation, and inflammation. These variations are important, for example, in infections with HIV or respiratory syncytial virus. It is important to combine genetic knowledge with knowledge about the functional properties of variant genes. Applications of knowledge about genetic variability can be found in the development of vaccines and therapeutic agents, prognostics, and the treatment of individual patients.
传染病易感性和病程的高度变异性是由环境因素的变化以及病原体和宿主的基因差异引起的。宿主的遗传变异性主要由在诸如黏附、特异性和非特异性免疫、抗原呈递及炎症等过程中起作用的基因多态性所决定。例如,这些变异在感染HIV或呼吸道合胞病毒时很重要。将遗传学知识与变异基因的功能特性知识相结合很重要。关于遗传变异性的知识应用见于疫苗和治疗药物的研发、预后判断以及个体患者的治疗。