Branch M V, Murray R C, Dyson S J, Goodship A E
Centre for Equine Studies, The Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK.
Equine Vet J. 2007 Mar;39(2):101-5. doi: 10.2746/042516407x166756.
Understanding of the development of pathology and source of pain in distal tarsal osteoarthritis is poorly understood. Magnetic resonance imaging is often used in the analysis of human osteoarthritis (OA) because it is sensitive to early changes.
In association with distal tarsal joint (DTJ) pain, there will be an alteration in the characteristic subchondral bone (SCB) thickness pattern of horses with no history of pain when subjected to low-level exercise.
Sixteen cadaver tarsal joints were collected from 9 mature horses with a history of tarsal pain and radiographic evidence of OA; 3 cadaver tarsi were collected from 2 mature horses with a history of tarsal pain and no radiographic abnormality. Magnetic resonance images were acquired using high-resolution sagittal 3D T1 weighted spoiled gradient echo sequence. Subchondral bone thickness was measured on sagittal images at dorsal and plantar locations on the proximal and distal aspects of the central (CT) and third (T3) tarsal bones and proximal aspect of the third metatarsal bone (MT3).
In tarsi with radiographic evidence of OA medial and lateral SCB thicknesses were greater than midline on the proximal and distal aspects of CT and T3. Lateral SCB thickness was greater than medial on the proximal aspect of MT3. There was an increase in SCB thickness at the majority of sites compared with normal horses. There were too few joints in the group without radiographic changes to analyse statistically. In painful tarsi SCB thickness was greater medially than laterally at all sites. In horses without tarsal pain all lateral sites had greater SCB thickness, except the proximal aspect of CT.
There is alteration of normal SCB thickness patterns in painful tarsi. Different thickness patterns could represent different types of pathological processes.
Further work is required to elucidate the pathological processes leading to OA of the DTJs.
目前对跗骨远端骨关节炎的病理发展及疼痛来源了解不足。磁共振成像常用于分析人类骨关节炎（OA），因为它对早期变化敏感。
与跗骨远端关节（DTJ）疼痛相关，在进行低强度运动时，无疼痛史马匹的特征性软骨下骨（SCB）厚度模式会发生改变。
从9匹有跗骨疼痛病史且有OA影像学证据的成年马身上收集16个尸体跗关节；从2匹有跗骨疼痛病史但无影像学异常的成年马身上收集3个尸体跗骨。使用高分辨率矢状面3D T1加权扰相梯度回波序列获取磁共振图像。在矢状面上测量中央跗骨（CT）和第三跗骨（T3）近端和远端背侧及跖侧位置以及第三跖骨（MT3）近端的软骨下骨厚度。
在有OA影像学证据的跗骨中，CT和T3近端和远端的内侧和外侧SCB厚度大于中线处。MT3近端外侧SCB厚度大于内侧。与正常马匹相比，大多数部位的SCB厚度增加。无影像学改变的组中关节数量太少，无法进行统计学分析。在疼痛的跗骨中，所有部位内侧的SCB厚度大于外侧。在无跗骨疼痛的马匹中，除CT近端外，所有外侧部位的SCB厚度更大。
疼痛的跗骨中正常的SCB厚度模式发生了改变。不同的厚度模式可能代表不同类型的病理过程。
需要进一步开展工作以阐明导致DTJ OA的病理过程。
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