放射性恶心和呕吐的管理。

Management of radiation-induced nausea and vomiting.

作者信息

Abdelsayed George G

机构信息

Yale University School of Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT 06610, USA.

出版信息

Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):34-6. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2007.01.010.

DOI:10.1016/j.exphem.2007.01.010

PMID:17379085

Abstract

Management of radiation-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV) includes both prevention and therapy. Primary prevention involves implementation of measures to modify risk factors. Secondary prevention involves prophylaxis and treatment with 5HT(3) receptor antagonists (5HT(3)RAs) with or without corticosteroids, dopamine antagonists, antihistamines, or anticholinergics. 5HT(3)RAs are also useful in treatment of RINV with significantly better outcomes, compared to other antiemetics or placebo. Agents include ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, palonosetron, and tropisitron. These agents may be useful in both the radiotherapy patient and the individual who has been accidentally exposed to ionizing radiation.

摘要

放射性恶心和呕吐（RINV）的管理包括预防和治疗。一级预防包括采取措施改变危险因素。二级预防包括使用5-羟色胺（5HT）3受体拮抗剂（5HT3RAs）进行预防和治疗，可联合或不联合使用皮质类固醇、多巴胺拮抗剂、抗组胺药或抗胆碱能药。与其他止吐药或安慰剂相比，5HT3RAs在治疗RINV方面也很有用，疗效显著更好。药物包括昂丹司琼、格拉司琼、多拉司琼、帕洛诺司琼和托烷司琼。这些药物对接受放射治疗的患者以及意外暴露于电离辐射的个体可能都有用。