Rao Vikram R, Finkbeiner Steven
Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2007 Jun;30(6):284-91. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2007.03.012. Epub 2007 Apr 6.
Learning and memory depend on persistent changes in synaptic strength that require neuronal gene expression. An unresolved question concerns the mechanisms by which activity at synapses is transduced into a nuclear transcriptional response. In the prevailing view, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)- and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors have distinct roles in controlling synaptic strength: AMPA receptors effect short-term changes in synaptic strength, whereas NMDA receptors regulate genes that are required for the long-term maintenance of these changes. Here, we review recent data on the roles of these two types of receptor in activity-dependent gene expression. We discuss evidence that signals from NMDA receptors and AMPA receptors are integrated to specify transcriptional responses for particular plasticity related genes.
学习与记忆依赖于突触强度的持续性变化，而这需要神经元基因表达。一个尚未解决的问题涉及突触活动被转化为核转录反应的机制。在主流观点中，N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）型和α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）型谷氨酸受体在控制突触强度方面具有不同作用：AMPA受体影响突触强度的短期变化，而NMDA受体则调节这些变化长期维持所需的基因。在此，我们综述了关于这两种受体在活动依赖性基因表达中作用的最新数据。我们讨论了如下证据：来自NMDA受体和AMPA受体的信号被整合，以确定特定可塑性相关基因的转录反应。
