Duminil Jérôme, Fineschi Silvia, Hampe Arndt, Jordano Pedro, Salvini Daniela, Vendramin Giovanni G, Petit Rémy J
Unité Mixte de Recherche Biodiversité Gènes et Ecosystèmes, Institut National de Recherches Agronomiques Cestas, France.
Am Nat. 2007 May;169(5):662-72. doi: 10.1086/513490. Epub 2007 Mar 12.
Population genetic structure is a key parameter in evolutionary biology. Earlier comparative studies have shown that genetic structure depends on species ecological attributes and life-history traits, but species phylogenetic relatedness had not been accounted for. Here we reevaluate the relationships between genetic structure and species traits in seed plants. Each species is characterized by a set of life-history and ecological features as well as by its geographic range size, its heterozygote deficit, and its genetic structure at nuclear and organelle markers to distinguish between pollen- and seed-mediated gene flow. We use both a conventional regression approach and a method that controls for phylogenetic relationships. Once phylogenetic conservatism and covariation among traits are taken into account, genetic structure is shown to be related with only a few synthetic traits, such as mating system for nuclear markers and seed dispersal mode or geographic range size for organelle markers. Along with other studies on invasiveness or rarity, our work illustrates the fact that predicting the fate of species across a broad taxonomic assemblage on the basis of simple traits is rarely possible, a testimony of the highly contingent nature of evolution.
种群遗传结构是进化生物学中的一个关键参数。早期的比较研究表明，遗传结构取决于物种的生态属性和生活史特征，但尚未考虑物种的系统发育相关性。在这里，我们重新评估种子植物中遗传结构与物种特征之间的关系。每个物种都由一组生活史和生态特征以及其地理分布范围大小、杂合子缺失情况以及核标记和细胞器标记处的遗传结构来表征，以区分花粉介导和种子介导的基因流。我们既使用传统的回归方法，也使用一种控制系统发育关系的方法。一旦考虑到系统发育保守性和性状之间的协变，遗传结构就仅与少数综合性状相关，例如核标记的交配系统以及细胞器标记的种子传播模式或地理分布范围大小。与其他关于入侵性或稀有性的研究一起，我们的工作说明了这样一个事实，即基于简单性状预测广泛分类群中物种的命运几乎是不可能的，这证明了进化具有高度偶然性。
