Frasnelli J, Hummel T
Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Germany.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2007 Sep;65(3):177-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.007. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
The intranasal trigeminal and the olfactory system are intimately connected. There is evidence showing that acquired olfactory loss leads to reduced trigeminal sensitivity due to the lack of a central-nervous interaction. Both, the orbitofrontal cortex and the rostral insula appear to be of significance in the amplification of trigeminal input which is missing in patients with olfactory loss. On peripheral levels, however, adaptive mechanisms seem to produce an increase in the trigeminal responsiveness of patients with hyposmia or anosmia.
鼻内三叉神经与嗅觉系统紧密相连。有证据表明，由于缺乏中枢神经相互作用，后天性嗅觉丧失会导致三叉神经敏感性降低。眶额皮质和嘴侧脑岛在增强三叉神经输入方面似乎都具有重要意义，而嗅觉丧失患者则缺乏这种增强作用。然而，在外周水平上，适应性机制似乎会使嗅觉减退或嗅觉丧失患者的三叉神经反应性增强。
