Schinnerl Johann, Brem Brigitte, But Paul Pui-Hay, Vajrodaya Srunya, Hofer Otmar, Greger Harald
Comparative and Ecological Phytochemistry Section, Faculty Center of Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria.
Phytochemistry. 2007 May;68(10):1417-27. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.03.002. Epub 2007 Apr 20.
Broad-based phytochemical investigations on 31 Stemona species and geographical provenances led to an overview concerning characteristic accumulation trends and the distribution of different Stemona alkaloids. Two major metabolic differences suggested a taxonomic segregation of the complex Stemona tuberosa group from the other species, and was supported by morphological characters. Whereas most of the Stemona species were characterised by protostemonine type alkaloids, the S. tuberosa group clearly deviated by accumulation trends towards tuberostemonine or croomine derived alkaloids belonging to two different skeletal types. Also of chemotaxonomic relevance was the structural divergence of protostemonine type alkaloids into pyrrolo- or pyridoazepine derivatives represented by stemofoline or oxystemokerrine, respectively, as major constituents. Their common occurrence in different provenances of S. curtisii, also deviating from the other species by various chromosome numbers, deserves special taxonomic attention. Species specific chemical markers were given by the unique accumulation of didehydrostemofoline (=asparagamine A) in S. collinsae and stemokerrine in S. kerrii. In contrast to previous reports, no bisdehydro derivatives with an aromatic pyrrole ring were detected supporting the hypothesis that these alkaloids are artifacts. A new stereoisomer of tuberostemonine was isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods.
对31种百部属植物及其地理来源进行广泛的植物化学研究，得出了关于不同百部生物碱的特征积累趋势和分布的概述。两个主要的代谢差异表明，复杂的大百部组与其他物种在分类学上存在隔离，这一点得到了形态特征的支持。大多数百部属植物的特征是含有原百部碱型生物碱，而大百部组明显不同，其积累趋势倾向于属于两种不同骨架类型的对叶百部碱或百部碱衍生的生物碱。原百部碱型生物碱分别以百部叶碱或氧化百部柯里碱为主要成分，结构上分别分化为吡咯并或吡啶并氮杂卓衍生物，这在化学分类学上也具有相关性。它们在不同来源的柯氏百部中普遍存在，其染色体数目也与其他物种不同，值得特别的分类学关注。柯氏百部中独特积累的双脱氢百部叶碱（=天冬酰胺A）和百部柯里碱分别是物种特异性化学标记。与之前的报道相反，未检测到具有芳香吡咯环的双脱氢衍生物，这支持了这些生物碱是人工产物的假设。通过光谱方法分离并鉴定了对叶百部碱的一种新立体异构体。
