Szarmach I J, Szarmach J, Waszkiel D
Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, Poland.
Adv Med Sci. 2006;51 Suppl 1:217-20.
The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of gender and age of patients with impacted permanent maxillary canines on complications in the course of tooth transposition.
The study material included files of 82 patients with a diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral impaction of 102 permanent maxillary canines. The study group consisted of 65 female and 17 male subjects, aged 8.5-39 years (mean 14.5 years) divided into four age groups: group I--patients under 12, group II--12.0-13.9 years, group III--14.0-15.9 years and group IV--patients at the age of 16 and older.
In the study population, the impacted teeth showed the following locations: palatal (67.64%), vestibular (19.60%) and alveolar (12.74%). Spontaneous resorption caused by abnormal tooth position was observed in 5 (4.9%) permanent maxillary lateral incisors. In 4 cases, the resorption was bilateral and all the five cases were recorded in group III. In group IV, one patient had alveolar process atrophy and severe resorption, while another one showed ankylosis of a permanent canine. Extraction of palatally impacted canines was done in 3.92% of cases. Complications were noted in girls and referred to 5.58% of the study cases.
Orthodontic movement of the impacted teeth to the dental arch may result in complications. However, because of the major significance of the upper canine which is responsible for the behaviour of the frontal triad, surgical-orthodontic treatment should be undertaken to improve occlusion and the aesthetic look of patients. Thus, any case of the ectopic canine requires observation and proper choice of radiological diagnostics.
本研究旨在评估上颌恒尖牙阻生患者的性别和年龄对牙齿换位过程中并发症的影响。
研究材料包括82例诊断为单侧或双侧上颌102颗恒尖牙阻生患者的病历。研究组由65名女性和17名男性受试者组成，年龄在8.5 - 39岁之间（平均14.5岁），分为四个年龄组：第一组——12岁以下患者，第二组——12.0 - 13.9岁，第三组——14.0 - 15.9岁，第四组——16岁及以上患者。
在研究人群中，阻生牙的位置如下：腭侧（67.64%）、前庭侧（19.60%）和牙槽侧（12.74%）。5颗（4.9%）上颌恒侧切牙因牙齿位置异常出现自发吸收。其中4例为双侧吸收，所有5例均记录在第三组。在第四组中，1例患者出现牙槽突萎缩和严重吸收，另1例患者出现恒尖牙粘连。3.92%的病例进行了腭侧阻生尖牙的拔除。女孩出现并发症，占研究病例的5.58%。
将阻生牙正畸移动至牙弓可能会导致并发症。然而，由于上颌尖牙对正面三联征的表现具有重要意义，应采取外科正畸治疗以改善患者的咬合和美观。因此，任何异位尖牙病例都需要观察并正确选择放射学诊断方法。
