Pescosolido Bernice A, Perry Brea L, Martin Jack K, McLeod Jane D, Jensen Peter S
Department of Sociology, Indiana University, 1020 E. Kirkwood Ave., Ballantine Hall 744, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2007 May;58(5):613-8. doi: 10.1176/ps.2007.58.5.613.
Data on community responses to two treatment issues critical for children and adolescents with mental health problems are addressed: stigma associated with receiving mental health care and the willingness to use psychiatric medication.
Using a representative sample of the U.S. population, the investigators interviewed 1,393 noninstitutionalized adult participants in the National Stigma Study-Children (NSS-C) (response rate 70%; margin of error +/- 4%).
Many respondents believed that stigma results from mental health treatment during childhood (45% reported likely rejection at school) and that stigma continues to have negative ramifications into adulthood (43%). More than half (57%) were skeptical about confidentiality, and more than one-third (35%) expected parents of children with mental illness to experience self-stigma. Most respondents believed that psychiatric medications affect development (68%), give children a flat, "zombie"-like affect (53%), and delay solving "real" behavior-related problems (66%). Most (86%) believed that physicians overmedicate children for common behavioral problems. Women and persons with more education rather than less perceived less stigma resulting from treatment but reported more negative views on medication. Beliefs in medication efficacy and trust in physicians were associated with more positive cultural beliefs.
Data on the contemporary cultural context surrounding treatment for children's mental health issues revealed substantial stigma concerns, particularly surrounding medication options. These beliefs and attitudes cannot be easily inferred from adults' sociodemographic characteristics.
探讨社区对儿童和青少年心理健康问题两个关键治疗问题的反应数据：接受心理健康护理的耻辱感以及使用精神科药物的意愿。
研究人员以美国人口的代表性样本为基础，对全国儿童耻辱感研究（NSS-C）中的1393名非机构化成年参与者进行了访谈（回应率70%；误差幅度±4%）。
许多受访者认为耻辱感源于童年时期的心理健康治疗（45%报告称在学校可能会被拒绝），且耻辱感在成年后仍有负面影响（43%）。超过一半（57%）的人对保密性表示怀疑，超过三分之一（35%）的人预计患有精神疾病儿童的父母会经历自我耻辱感。大多数受访者认为精神科药物会影响发育（68%），使儿童产生平淡、“僵尸”般的情感（53%），并延迟解决“真正”与行为相关的问题（66%）。大多数人（86%）认为医生对常见行为问题的儿童用药过量。女性和受教育程度较高而非较低的人认为治疗带来的耻辱感较小，但对药物的负面看法更多。对药物疗效的信念和对医生的信任与更积极的文化信念相关。
关于儿童心理健康问题治疗的当代文化背景数据显示，人们对耻辱感问题，尤其是药物选择方面，存在重大担忧。这些信念和态度不能轻易从成年人的社会人口特征中推断出来。
