Gabriel Daniela Ponce, Fernández-Cean Juan, Balbi André Luis
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, CEP 18618-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Perit Dial Int. 2007 May-Jun;27(3):328-31.
Peritoneal dialysis (PD), although classically described and utilized in the treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease, can also be utilized in the acute setting in different clinical situations. Recent studies showed that, in patients with acute renal failure, it is possible to obtain reasonable dialysis doses with adequate metabolic and electrolytic control and low incidence of complications by utilizing continuous PD through a cycler at high volume. In patients with congestive heart failure without end-stage renal disease, PD is capable of promoting clinical improvement with slow removal of liquids, becoming an attractive alternative for situations of rapidly or slowly worsening cardiac function. In patients submitted to chronic hemodialysis but who have vascular access difficulties, PD can also be utilized as a "bridge," thereby avoiding the use of central venous catheters, which can be associated with infectious complications such as bacterial endocarditis. New studies must be realized showing other indications for PD.
腹膜透析（PD）虽然传统上用于终末期肾病患者的治疗，但也可用于不同临床情况下的急性病症。最近的研究表明，对于急性肾衰竭患者，通过大容量循环器进行持续腹膜透析，有可能获得合理的透析剂量，实现充分的代谢和电解质控制，且并发症发生率较低。对于没有终末期肾病的充血性心力衰竭患者，腹膜透析能够通过缓慢清除液体促进临床改善，成为心脏功能快速或缓慢恶化情况下有吸引力的替代方案。对于接受慢性血液透析但存在血管通路困难的患者，腹膜透析也可用作“桥梁”，从而避免使用可能与感染性并发症（如细菌性心内膜炎）相关的中心静脉导管。必须开展新的研究以揭示腹膜透析的其他适应症。
