Chin Joanna Y, Schleifman Erica B, Glazer Peter M
Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA.
Front Biosci. 2007 May 1;12:4288-97. doi: 10.2741/2388.
Triple-helix DNA structures can form endogenously at mirror repeat polypurine/polypyrimidine sequences or by introduction of triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs). Recent evidence suggests that triple helices are sources of genetic instability, and are subject to increased rates of mutagenesis and recruitment of repair factors. Indeed, observations using TFOs suggest that triple helices provoke a variety of biological processes which can be harnessed to modulate gene expression and induce heritable changes in targeted genes. This review surveys the biological applications of TFOs, with particular attention to their recombinogenic and mutagenic potential, and summarizes available evidence for the mechanism of triplex and triplex-associated repair.
三链螺旋DNA结构可在镜像重复多聚嘌呤/多聚嘧啶序列处内源性形成，或通过引入三链形成寡核苷酸（TFO）形成。最近的证据表明，三链螺旋是遗传不稳定的来源，且其诱变率增加并会招募修复因子。事实上，使用TFO的观察结果表明，三链螺旋引发了多种生物学过程，这些过程可用于调节基因表达并诱导靶向基因的可遗传变化。本综述调查了TFO的生物学应用，特别关注其重组和诱变潜力，并总结了三链螺旋及三链螺旋相关修复机制的现有证据。
