通往CRAC的漫长而艰辛之路。
The long and arduous road to CRAC.
作者信息
Vig Monika, Kinet Jean-Pierre
机构信息
Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
出版信息
Cell Calcium. 2007 Aug;42(2):157-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.03.008. Epub 2007 May 22.
Store-operated calcium (SOC) entry is the major route of calcium influx in non-excitable cells, especially immune cells. The best characterized store-operated current, I(CRAC), is carried by calcium release activated calcium (CRAC) channels. The existence of the phenomenon of store-operated calcium influx was proposed almost two decades ago. However, in spite of rigorous research by many laboratories, the identity of the key molecules participating in the process has remained a mystery. In all these years, multiple different approaches have been adopted by countless researchers to identify the molecular players in this fundamental process. Along the way, many crucial discoveries have been made, some of which have been summarized here. The last couple of years have seen significant breakthroughs in the field-identification of STIM1 as the store Ca(2+) sensor and CRACM1 (Orai1) as the pore-forming subunit of the CRAC channel. The field is now actively engaged in deciphering the gating mechanism of CRAC channels. We summarize here the latest progress in this direction.
储存性钙（SOC）内流是钙流入非兴奋性细胞（尤其是免疫细胞）的主要途径。特征最明确的储存性电流I(CRAC) 由钙释放激活钙（CRAC）通道传导。储存性钙内流现象的存在几乎是在二十年前被提出的。然而，尽管许多实验室进行了严谨的研究，但参与该过程的关键分子的身份仍然是个谜。这么多年来，无数研究人员采用了多种不同方法来确定这一基本过程中的分子参与者。在此过程中，取得了许多关键发现，其中一些已在此处进行了总结。过去几年该领域取得了重大突破——确定了STIM1作为储存Ca(2+) 传感器以及CRACM1（Orai1）作为CRAC通道的孔形成亚基。该领域目前正积极致力于破解CRAC通道的门控机制。我们在此总结该方向的最新进展。
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