Jeffery R W, French S A, Forster J L, Spry V M
Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Minneapolis 55455.
Int J Obes. 1991 Oct;15(10):689-96.
Obesity and health behaviors that influence energy balance (diet, exercise, and dieting to lose weight) were examined in a population of 2108 and 2539 working men and women in relation to socioeconomic status (SES). The hypothesis investigated was that the inverse relationship between SES and obesity observed in a number of studies is due to the fact that the distribution of obesity relevant health behaviors differs by social class. Body mass index (BMI), as expected, was found to be inversely related to SES. Higher SES was also associated with several behaviors that contribute importantly to energy balance. High SES respondents reported a lower fat diet, more exercise, and a higher prevalence of dieting to control weight. However, lower smoking rates were observed in upper SES men and women and higher alcohol consumption was reported in upper SES women. Both of these associations appear to be inconsistent with the hypothesis that the inverse association between SES and obesity is caused by differences in health behaviors. In multiple regression analyses, SES remained a significant predictor of BMI after controlling for all measured health behaviors. Weaknesses in the methodologies for measuring health behaviors and possible effects of obesity itself on social mobility are suggested as possible explanations for the residual association between obesity and SES.
在2108名职业男性和2539名职业女性组成的人群中，研究了肥胖以及影响能量平衡的健康行为（饮食、运动和减肥节食）与社会经济地位（SES）之间的关系。所研究的假设是，许多研究中观察到的SES与肥胖之间的负相关关系是由于与肥胖相关的健康行为的分布因社会阶层而异。正如预期的那样，发现体重指数（BMI）与SES呈负相关。较高的SES也与一些对能量平衡有重要影响的行为有关。高SES的受访者报告称脂肪摄入量较低、运动量较大，且通过节食控制体重的比例较高。然而，SES较高的男性和女性吸烟率较低，SES较高的女性饮酒量较高。这两种关联似乎都与SES和肥胖之间的负相关关系是由健康行为差异导致的这一假设不一致。在多元回归分析中，在控制了所有测量的健康行为后，SES仍然是BMI的显著预测因素。测量健康行为的方法存在缺陷以及肥胖本身对社会流动性可能产生的影响，被认为是肥胖与SES之间残留关联的可能解释。
