Uvell Hanna, Engström Ylva
Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Trends Genet. 2007 Jul;23(7):342-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2007.05.003. Epub 2007 May 29.
The innate immune defense system involves the activity of endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which inhibit the growth of most microbes. In insects, genes encoding AMPs are expressed at basal levels in barrier epithelia and are upregulated systemically in response to infection. To achieve this differentiated immune defense, Drosophila immune gene promoters combine tissue-specific enhancers and signal-dependent response elements. Transcription factors of the Hox, POU and GATA families control tissue-specific expression of AMP genes, either constitutively or in combination with NF-kappaB/Rel family factors that function as 'on-off switches' during infection. Here, we review these different modes of AMP expression and provide a model for transcriptional regulation of AMP genes.
先天性免疫防御系统涉及内源性抗菌肽（AMPs）的活性，这些抗菌肽可抑制大多数微生物的生长。在昆虫中，编码AMPs的基因在屏障上皮细胞中以基础水平表达，并在受到感染时全身上调。为了实现这种分化的免疫防御，果蝇免疫基因启动子结合了组织特异性增强子和信号依赖性反应元件。Hox、POU和GATA家族的转录因子控制AMPs基因的组织特异性表达，要么是组成性的，要么与在感染期间起“开关”作用的NF-κB/Rel家族因子结合。在这里，我们综述了AMPs表达的这些不同模式，并提供了一个AMPs基因转录调控的模型。
