Stros M, Launholt D, Grasser K D
Laboratory of Analysis of Chromosomal Proteins, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Biophysics, Královopolská 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007 Oct;64(19-20):2590-606. doi: 10.1007/s00018-007-7162-3.
The HMG-box domain of approximately 75 amino acid residues was originally identified as the domain that mediates the DNA-binding of chromatin-associated high-mobility group (HMG) proteins of the HMGB type. In the last few years, HMG-box domains have been found in various DNA-binding proteins including transcription factors and subunits of chromatin-remodeling complexes. HMG-box domains mediate either non-sequence-specific (e.g., HMGB-type proteins) or sequence-specific (e.g., transcription factors) DNA binding. Both types of HMG-box domains bind non-B-type DNA structures (bent, kinked and unwound) with high affinity. In addition, HMG-box domains are involved in a variety of protein-protein interactions. Here, we have examined the human and plant genomes for genes encoding HMG-box domains. Compared to plants, human cells contain a larger variety of HMG-box proteins. Whereas in humans transcription factors are the most divergent group of HMG-box proteins, in plants the chromosomal HMGB-type proteins are most variable.
最初发现，由大约75个氨基酸残基组成的HMG框结构域是介导HMGB型染色质相关高迁移率族（HMG）蛋白与DNA结合的结构域。在过去几年中，在各种DNA结合蛋白中发现了HMG框结构域，包括转录因子和染色质重塑复合物的亚基。HMG框结构域介导非序列特异性（如HMGB型蛋白）或序列特异性（如转录因子）的DNA结合。这两种类型的HMG框结构域都能以高亲和力结合非B型DNA结构（弯曲、扭结和解旋）。此外，HMG框结构域还参与多种蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。在这里，我们在人类和植物基因组中检测了编码HMG框结构域的基因。与植物相比，人类细胞中含有更多种类的HMG框蛋白。在人类中，转录因子是HMG框蛋白中差异最大的一组，而在植物中，染色体HMGB型蛋白变化最大。
