Oguro Hideyuki, Iwama Atsushi
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2007 Oct;19(5):503-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2007.05.001. Epub 2007 Jul 6.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are defined as primitive cells that are capable of both self-renewal and differentiation into any of the hematopoietic cell lineages. HSC numbers need to be precisely regulated to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. HSCs undergo several cell fate decisions, including decisions on life and death and self-renewal and differentiation, which have crucial roles in the regulation of their numbers and lifespan. Defects in these processes have been found to contribute to hematopoietic insufficiencies and the development of hematopoietic malignancies. Recent studies have begun to elucidate how HSCs make life and death decisions and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved, highlighting the importance of a balance between survival and death in the regulation of HSCs.
造血干细胞（HSCs）被定义为能够自我更新并分化为任何造血细胞谱系的原始细胞。造血干细胞的数量需要精确调节以维持造血稳态。造血干细胞会经历多种细胞命运决定，包括生死、自我更新和分化的决定，这些决定在调节其数量和寿命方面起着关键作用。已发现这些过程中的缺陷会导致造血功能不全和造血系统恶性肿瘤的发生。最近的研究已开始阐明造血干细胞如何做出生死决定以及其中涉及的潜在分子机制，突显了生存与死亡之间的平衡在造血干细胞调节中的重要性。
