Radi Samia, Ostry Aleck, Lamontagne Anthony D
McCaughey Centre, VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health & Community Wellbeing, School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Am J Ind Med. 2007 Aug;50(8):584-96. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20492.
To assess the relationships between current smoking status and psychosocial working conditions.
A cross-sectional population-based telephone survey was conducted (66% response rate, N = 1,101). Job stress was measured using the demand/control, effort/reward imbalance (ERI), and job pressure models. Multiple regression modelling was conducted for smoking status (current versus non-smokers, and a more restricted analysis of current versus former-smokers) and daily smoking intensity outcomes in relation to job stress measures, working hours, shift work, and other independent variables.
After adjustment for age, education, martial status, and hostility, high job strain was positively associated with current smoking in men only. Employment in active jobs was associated with decreased odds of smoking among women only. High strain jobs were associated with decreased odds of current smoking compared to former smoking in women. In men, extreme and moderate job pressure were related to current smoking compared to current non-smoking, and moderate job pressure was associated with current smoking compared with former smokers. Other working conditions associated with smoking were excessive working hours in men and physical demand in women. Daily smoking intensity in current smokers was associated with high psychological demand and with ERI in women.
These results suggest that job stress is related to smoking status at the population level, with different patterns in men and women.
评估当前吸烟状况与社会心理工作条件之间的关系。
开展了一项基于人群的横断面电话调查（应答率为66%，N = 1101）。使用需求/控制、努力/回报失衡（ERI）和工作压力模型来衡量工作压力。针对吸烟状况（当前吸烟者与非吸烟者，以及对当前吸烟者与 former - smokers 的更严格分析）和每日吸烟强度结果，就工作压力测量、工作时长、轮班工作及其他自变量进行了多元回归建模。
在对年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况和敌意进行调整后，仅在男性中，高工作压力与当前吸烟呈正相关。仅在女性中，从事活跃工作与吸烟几率降低相关。与 former smoking 相比，高压力工作与女性当前吸烟几率降低相关。在男性中，与当前不吸烟者相比，极端和中度工作压力与当前吸烟相关，与 former smokers 相比，中度工作压力与当前吸烟相关。与吸烟相关的其他工作条件在男性中是工作时间过长，在女性中是身体需求。当前吸烟者的每日吸烟强度与女性的高心理需求和 ERI 相关。
这些结果表明，在人群层面，工作压力与吸烟状况相关，且在男性和女性中存在不同模式。
