生活史特征的演变破坏了竞争共存。

Evolution of life-history traits collapses competitive coexistence.

作者信息

Mougi Akihiko, Nishimura Kinya

机构信息

Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan.

出版信息

J Theor Biol. 2007 Oct 7;248(3):552-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.05.025. Epub 2007 May 29.

DOI:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.05.025

PMID:17632128

Abstract

Trade-offs between competitive ability and the other life-history traits are considered to be a major mechanism of competitive coexistence. Many theoretical studies have demonstrated the robustness of such a coexistence mechanism ecologically; however, it is unknown whether the coexistence is robust evolutionarily. Here, we report that evolution of life-history traits not directly related to competition, such as longevity, and predator avoidance, easily collapses competitive coexistence in several competition systems: spatially structured, and predator-mediated two-species competition systems. In addition, we found that a superior competitor can be excluded by an inferior one by common mechanisms among the models. Our results suggest that ecological competitive coexistence due to a life-history trait trade-off balance may not be balanced on an evolutionary timescale, that is, it may be evolutionarily fragile.

摘要

竞争能力与其他生活史特征之间的权衡被认为是竞争共存的主要机制。许多理论研究已在生态学上证明了这种共存机制的稳健性；然而，这种共存在进化上是否稳健尚不清楚。在此，我们报告称，与竞争无直接关联的生活史特征（如寿命和躲避捕食）的进化，在几种竞争系统中（空间结构化竞争系统和捕食者介导的两物种竞争系统）很容易导致竞争共存崩溃。此外，我们发现，在这些模型中，优势竞争者可能会通过一些常见机制被劣势竞争者排除。我们的结果表明，由于生活史特征权衡平衡所导致的生态竞争共存，在进化时间尺度上可能并不平衡，也就是说，它在进化上可能较为脆弱。